Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/183

 NAUPACTUS NAUTILUS 175 Catholic and four Protestant churches, a gym- nasium, and several other schools of a high grade. An annual children's festival is cele- brated here, in commemoration of the raising of the siege by the Hussites under Procopius, Naumburg. which according to tradition took place July 28, 1432, in consequence of the entreaties of the children of Naumburg. This event has been dramatized in Kotzebue's Die Hussiten vor Naumburg, but its authenticity has been called in question by recent historians. Sev- eral treaties were concluded at Naumburg in the 15th and 16th centuries, and the town was of strategical importance during the thirty years' war and the wars of 1806 and 1813. NAUPACTUS. See LEPANTO. NAUPLIA, or Napoli di Romania, a seaport town of Greece, in the nomarchy of Argolis and Corinth, and capital of an eparchy of its own name, on the gulf of Argolis, 58 m. S. W. of Athens; pop. in 1870, 8,543. The three forts which protect it make it the strongest maritime town of Greece. It is the seat of a Greek archbishop, of a court of appeal, and of a court of primary jurisdiction. The town has seven churches, a gymnasium, and an arsenal. From 1824 to the end of 1834 it was the seat of the government of Greece. In 1831 Capo d'Istria was assassinated here, and in 1833 Otho, the first king of restored Greece, land- ed at the port. In antiquity Nauplia was the port of Argos. NAUSEA (from Gr. vav$, a ship, from its pres- ence in sea sickness), the sickening sensation at the pit of the stomach which usually pre- cedes vomiting. Nausea may be produced by a variety of causes : by the introduction into the stomach of nauseating or emetic drugs, by continued rotation or swinging of the body, by the unaccustomed motion of a vessel upon the waves, by food which disagrees with the stom- ach either in quantity or quality, sometimes 589 VOL. xii. 12 by a blow upon the head, and in sensitive persons by offensive odors, by sudden alterna- tions of temperature, and even by disagreeable news or moral impressions. When followed by vomiting, it is usually relieved immediately upon the evacuation of ^ the stomach. If not so relieved, and if long continued, it becomes excessively depressing, and may even be dan- gerous to life. If the sensation of nausea be excited by any sub- stance which has been taken into the stomach, the best treatment is to favor the act of vomit- ing by copious draughts of warm water, and thus secure an early and com- plete evacuation of the stomach. If it depends upon any other of the causes named, quiet, a horizontal position, and freedom from all sources of disturbance, are most effectual. NAUSETS. See MASSACHUSETTS INDIANS. NAUSHON. See ELIZABETH ISLANDS. NAUTILUS (Gr. vavr'ikoq, from vovf, a ship), a name applied to both the tetrabranchiate and dibranchiate orders of the cephalopod mollusks. In the former the true or pearly nautilus is the best known species of the only living genus representing the extinct chambered shells (such Pearly Nautilus (Nautilus pompilius). as ammonites, orthoceratites, turrilites, &c.) which abounded during the primary and sec- ondary geological ages ; in the latter belongs the nautilus of the ancients (the paper nauti- lus of the moderns), more properly called ar- gonaut. For the characters of the class and orders see CEPHALOPODA, and MOLLUSCA. The