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 MOTHERWORT MOTLEY connected until his death. In 1832 he pub- lished "Narrative and Lyrical Poems," and soon after commenced in conjunction with James Hogg an annotated edition of Burns's works, which he did not live to complete. In 1849 a greatly enlarged edition of his poetical remains, accompanied by a memoir, was pub- MOTHERWORT (leonurus cardiaca; Gr. Atav, a lion, and oipd, a tail), a plant belonging to the mint family or labiates. It is met with around walls, fences, and neglected spots near farms and gardens. The root is perennial, stem 2 to 5 ft. high, branching near the base, and downy o F return to A Eu FP e ' Tdm tU to tafbl little In 18W Morton's Ho 871 and of Got- h T e V* 11 " 1 in . Italy. On his islfh 7' "V 1 ? 1 he Practised Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca). leaves 2 to 4 in. long, lobed and broad, grow- ing narrower toward the top of the stem, the uppermost wedge-shaped at base and three- cleft at the apex, all bending downward. The flowers are borne in many whorls ; the calyx has rigid and prickly teeth ; the corolla, hairy without, is pale purple; the nutlets contain- ing the seeds are triquetrous and truncate at summit. Another species, L. marrubiastrum, has become partially naturalized in some dis- tricts of Pennsylvania; it is a tall biennial with oblong-ovate ste^m leaves and whiter flow- ers. The common motherwort has a strong, pungent odor, and a bitter taste, and, as its name indicates, has been used as a remedy in diseases of females, and at one time it acquired a reputation in Russia as a preventive of hy- drophobia ; at most it is an aromatic tonic, and its use is now confined to domestic practice. MOTION. See MECHANICS. MOTLEY, John Lothrop, an American histo- rian, born in Dorchester, Mass., April 15, 1814. ony. Meanwhile he had contributed vari- ous articles to some of the leading reviews About 1846 he began to collect materials for the history of Holland, writing enough to form two volumes; but, unable to find at home the authorities necessary for the thorough prose- cution of the subject, he embarked for Europe with his family in 1851. Dissatisfied with his previous labors, he threw aside all he had writ- ten, and began his task anew. In Berlin, Dresden, and the Hague, he passed most of his time during the next five years in the compo- sition of his history, "The Rise of the Dutch Republic" (3 vols. 8vo, London and New York, 1856). It was reprinted in English at Amsterdam, and was translated into Dutch under the supervision of the historian Bak- huyzen van den Brink, who prefixed an intro- ductory chapter. A German translation was published at Leipsic and Dresden; and a French translation, with an introduction by Guizot, was published in 1859 in Paris, and another in Brussels in 1859-'60. It was also translated into Russian. In 1860 Mr. Motley published the first two volumes of the second portion of the work, entitled "The History of the United Netherlands from the Death of Wil- liam the Silent to the Twelve Years' Truce, 1609;" and in 1867 it was completed in two additional volumes. This was followed in 1874 by " The Life and Death of John of Bar- neveld, Advocate of Holland ; with a View of the Primary Causes of the Thirty Years' War " (2 vols.). It is understood that Mr. Motley is engaged in writing a "History of the Thirty Years' War." He has been elected a mem- ber of various learned societies in Europe and America, among them of the institute of France in place of Mr. W. H. Prescott. In 1860 he received the degree of D. C. L. from the uni- versity of Oxford, and that of LL. D. from Harvard college. He has also received the degree of LL. D. from the university of Cam- bridge, England. In 1861 he published in the London " Times " a paper entitled " Causes of the American Civil War," and in 1868 de- livered before the New York historical society an address on " Historic Progress and Ameri- can Democracy." On Nov. 14, 1861, he was appointed minister to Austria, and resigned in 18(>7. On the accession of President Grant in 1869 he was appointed minister to England,