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 MAUDSLEY MAULE 285 up the river to Whiteshaven, but having been destroyed by a flood it is now abandoned above Mauch Chunk. The coal mines and furnaces in the vicinity and the Lehigh Valley railroad are controlled largely by residents of the bor- ough. It contains several handsome houses, a fine public school house, court house, jail, two founderies and machine shops, a flour mill, two national banks, a private bank, two week- ly newspapers, a library, and five churches. The beauty of the scenery, the coolness and purity of the air, and the excellence of the water have rendered it a famous summer re- sort. Glen Onoko, near the borough, a wild and beautiful ravine, is a prominent attraction. The borough limits being circumscribed, the Mauch Chunk. population has extended to Upper Mauch Chunk, on a plateau above the town, and to East Mauch Chunk, a borough on the E. bank of the Lehigh, having 1,585 inhabitants in 1870. The popu- lation of the township of Mauch Chunk, on both banks of the river, exclusive of the bor- oughs, was 5,210. The name is of Indian ori- gin, and its meaning is said to be Great Bear. MAUDSLEY, Henry, an English physiologist, born near Settle, Yorkshire, in 1835. He studied medicine at University college, London, and received the degree of M. D. in 1856. He became resident physician of the Manchester lunatic hospital in 1859, which post he retained till 1862, when he commenced a consulting practice in London. He is now (1875) profes- sor of medical jurisprudence in University col- lege, consulting physician to the West London hospital, and editor of the "Journal of Mental Science." His principal works are: "Physi- ology and Pathology of Mind " (London, 1867) ; " The Gulstonian Lectures on Body and Mind " (London, 1870) ; and "Kesponsibility in Mental Disease," written for the "International Scien- tific Series " (London and New York, 1874). MAO, the second in size of the Hawaiian isl- ands, in lat. 21 K, Ion. 156 30' W.; length 50 m., greatest breadth 27 m. ; area, 603 sq. m.; pop. in 1872, 12,334. It is of volcanic formation, and consists of two mountains con- nected by an isthmus. East Maui is the larger. Its chief summit, Hale-a-ka-la (" house of the sun "), is 10,200 ft. high, and contains a crater 27 m. in circumference and 2,000 ft. deep. Abun- dant undecomposed lavas are found in it, but no tradition remains of its ac- tivity. The mountain is very regular in its slopes, which vary from 8 to 10, and are the steeper on the windward or N. E. side, where they are cut up into deep ravines and worn away by the action of the strong trade winds and the rain. West Maui is of still older formation. There is no summit crater ; it has a more broken sur- face and a deeper soil, and the degradation is more ex- tensive. Its highest peak is about 6,000 ft. The con- necting isthmus is a low sandy plain, rising but a few feet above the sea; vessels have run upon it by night, supposing a pas- sage to exist. Sugar cul- ture is the chief industry of Maui. The soil, with proper treatment, appears to be inexhaustible, and there is no danger of frost. The custom of the planters is to take off two crops and then let the field lie fallow for two years ; four tons of sugar to the acre is not an uncommon yield. The cane matures, accord- ing to the altitude, in from 14 to 24 months. Owing to bad management, however, the plan- tations are often unsuccessful. The principal town is Lahaina, on West Maui ; pop. 3,002. MAULE, a S. province of Chili, bounded K by Talca, E. by the Andes, S. by Nuble and Concepcion, and W. by the Pacific ; area, 6,424 sq. m., or according to a Chilian author- ity, about 8,100 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 211,- 567. The surface to the east is roughened by numerous hills; to the west it is traversed from K to S. by the coast mountains ; and in the centre it is a magnificent champaign coun-