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 848 MAGIKDANAO MAGLIABECCHI which from the latter is regulated by an ar- rangement for sliding it within the tube. By the action of the reflector and the first lens, a strong light is condensed upon the picture; and its pencils, being converged and made to cross by the second lens, form at their several foci the image, which, being received at that place by the screen, is rendered visible. The inversion of the image is corrected by placing the slides inverted. For exhibitions before large audiences, the lime light, obtained by keeping a cone of lime ignited in the flame of the oxyhydrogen blowpipe, and revolving at the same time, has been much used ; but the apparatus now prepared by M. Dubosc and others (see ELEOTEIO LIGHT) enables the ex- perimenter to employ the most intense artificial light known, that of the galvanic current pass- ing between charcoal points ; and some of its forms have two reflectors so placed as to throw the images of two pictures at the same time on the same part of the screen, as is required for the effects known as "dissolving views." These effects consist in gradually covering one slide, while the other is uncovered, thus caus- ing one scene to fade or melt into another, as a day into a moonlight scene. MAGINDAMO. See MINDANAO. MAGLM, Giovanni Paolo, an Italian violin ma- ker of the 16th and 17th centuries, born in Brescia. He worked in his native city from 1590 to 1640, contemporaneously with the Amatis, with whom he contributed to fix per- manently the form of the violin. His instru- ments were for the most part of large pattern, the bellies of good quality and very strong, the sides low, the swell of the arch high and full toward the end, from which they have a large- ness of tone and a deeper than ordinary sound in the G and D strings. The varnish which he used was exceedingly fine and pure, giving his instruments a deep and clear brown color. Their characteristic tone is grand, penetrating, and noble. In general proportions and in workmanship they resemble the violins of Gaspar di Salo, whose pupil Magini is by many supposed to have been. MAGIM, William, an Irish author, born in Cork, Nov. 11, 1793, died at Walton-on-Thames, near London, Aug. 21, 1842. His father was a classical teacher, under whose care he evinced remarkable aptitude for learning, and in his 10th year he was admitted to Trinity college, Dublin. Though one of the youngest of the competitors on entering, he was one of the most advanced, and he maintained his distinc- tion for scholarship throughout his university career. He taught school in Cork for ten years. At 23 years of age he received the de- gree of LL. D. from Trinity college, being the first who had ever obtained it so young. Hav- ing already contributed in prose and verse to various periodicals, in 1819 he translated the old ballad of " Chevy Chase " into Latin verse for "Blackwood's Magazine," nearly every number of which from that time for many years contained one or more articles by him. He assumed the sobriquet of Morgan Odoherty. under which he figures in the "Noctes Am- brosianse," which were due to his suggestion. In London he wrote for the " Quarterly Re- view;" and he was at one time selected in preference to Moore to receive the papers and write the biography of Lord Byron. When in 1824 John Murray started his daily journal, the "Representative," Maginn was sent to Paris as foreign correspondent. In 1828 he became junior editor of the London " Stand- ard," an ultra tory journal. He was one of the projectors of " Fraser's Magazine " in 1830. In 1837 he began his "Shakespeare Papers," and the first of his 16 Homeric ballads ap- peared in 1838. Irregular habits caused his connection with the "Standard" and with "Fraser" to be broken off. In 1839 he be- came editor of the " Lancashire Herald," a weekly journal in Liverpool, but was not suc- cessful, and he returned to London the same year. In 1840 he began a weekly issue of "Magazine Miscellanies, by Doctor Maginn," which extended only to 10 numbers. He was beset by creditors, and in 1842, being cast into Fleet prison for debt, he passed through the insolvency court, and became reduced to great poverty. He was the author of " Whitehall, or the Days of George IV., a Romance " (London, 1827); "John Manesty" (1844), completed after his death by Charles Oilier; and "Ho- meric Ballads " (1849). Besides his papers in " Blackwood," " Fraser," and the " Quarterly," he wrote many others, equally marked by wit and scholarship, for "Bentley's Miscellany" and the first two volumes of " Punch." His " Fraserian Papers," " Odoherty Papers," " Ho- meric Ballads," and "Shakespeare Papers" have been collected and edited by R. S. Mac- kenzie (5 vols., New York, 1855-7). MAGLIABECCHI, Antonio, an Italian scholar, born in Florence in 1633, died there in 1714. He was apprenticed to a goldsmith in his na- tive city, but ultimately abandoned his trade and devoted himself to literature. He at- tracted the notice of Michele Ermini, libra- rian to the cardinal de' Medici, under whose instruction he acquired a thorough knowledge of Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. Cosmo III. appointed him his librarian, in which con- genial situation he grew so absorbed in his books as to disregard the ordinary comforts and pleasures of life. He usually passed the whole night in study, and when exhausted nature demanded rest, a wretched straw chair served him for a couch, and an old threadbare cloak for a coverlet. His memory was pro- digious. By the time of his death he had ac- cumulated a library of 30,000 volumes, which, with funds for its preservation and enlarge- ment, he bequeathed to the city of Florence. It is known by the name of the Magliabec- chiana, and is open to the public. We owe to Magliabecchi the preservation of many works that had long lain in manuscript in the Lau-