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 McCLOSKEY largely to the advocacy of the Union cause in the civil war. His replies to articles in the London " Times," and his speeches in Exeter hall, produced great effect. On the continent he was greatly aided by the cooperation of Count de Gasparin, and his home in Paris he- came a centre for American Unionists abroad. In 1864 he returned to America, and was again placed in charge of St. Paul's church in New York ; but impaired health compelled him to resign in 1865, and he took up his residence in Germantown, Pa. In 1866 he removed to New Brunswick, N. J., where for a time he filled the pulpit of St. James's church. During this year he was also chairman of the central cen- tenary committee, organized to devise means for a fitting commemoration of the hundredth anniversary of American Methodism. Through his influence Mr. Daniel Drew, a member of St. Paul's church in New York, was induced to contribute a large sum as an offering to the centenary fund. This was appropriated to found an institution to be called the " Drew Theological Seminary " at Madison, N. J. (see MADISON), of which Dr. McOlintock was presi- dent until his death. Several prominent posi- tions were at different times offered to him ; among these was the presidency of Troy uni- versity, for which his name was used in 1857-'8, but without any service as such on his part. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by the university of Pennsylvania in 1848, and that of LL. D. by Rutgers college in 18613. For many years he was an acknowledged leader in his denomination. As a pulpit orator no one surpassed Mr', and he has been designated as " probably the most complete scholar that his church has produced in the United States." His works, besides those already mentioned and numerous contributions to periodicals, in- clude "Analysis of Watson's Theological Insti- tutes" (1850), "Sketches of Eminent Metho- dist Ministers" (1852), " The Temporal Power of the Pope" (1853), and a translation of Bungener's "History of the Council of Trent" (1855). But his chief literary, work, to which a great part of the last 20 years of his life was devoted, and which he did not live to com- plete, is the " Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theologi- cal, and Ecclesiastical Literature," projected by him and Dr. James Strong, the former having charge of the department of theological and ecclesiastical literature, and the latter of that of Biblical literature. The work was com- menced in 1853, but the first volume did not appear till 1867, and the fourth was partially prepared at the time of Dr. McClintock's death. (See STRONG, JAMES.) Since then have been published a volume of his sermons, " Living Words" (1870), and "Lectures on Theological Encyclopaedia and Methodology," a portion of a work which he had in preparation. Several other of his incomplete manuscripts are now (1874) in course of preparation for publication. McCLOSKEY, John, an American archbishop, horn in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 20, 1810. He McCLURE 775 graduated at Mount St. Mary's college, Em- mettsburg, Md., and studied theology in the seminary there. Having received priest's or- ders Jan. 9, 1834, he was sent to Rome, stud- ied for two years in the Roman college, spent another year in France, and on his return was appointed assistant pastor of St. Joseph's church in New York, and six months afterward became rector of the parish. In 1841 Bishop Hughes nominated him first president of St. John's college, Fordham, but in 1842 he re- sumed the rectorship of St. Joseph's. At the solicitation of Bishop Hughes, he was ap- pointed his coadjutor Nov. 21, 1843, with the title of bishop of Axiere, and was consecrated March 10, 1844. In the division of the dio- cese of New York which took place in 1847, Bishop McCloskey was nominated first bishop of Albany May 21. His zeal, eloquence, and popularity obtained him the means of building churches in every city and town, and of crea- ting establishments for charity and education. He introduced into his diocese the ladies of the Sacred Heart, the sisters of charity, the sisters of mercy, the gray sisters hospitallers from Montreal, the sisters of St. Joseph, and those of the third order of St. Francis ; also the Jesuits, Oblates, Augustinians, Franciscans, and Capuchins. He began and completed the cathedral of Albany, devoting to it a large part of his own income. During his last years in that city he purchased extensive buildings in Troy, destined to be a general theological sem- inary for the dioceses forming the ecclesiasti- cal province of New York, and obtained for it from the university of Louvain a staff of trained professors. After the death of Arch- bishop Hughes he was appointed to the see of New York, May 6, 1864, and took possession of it Aug. 21. Besides a large number of spa- cious churches built in the city and elsewhere, the archbishop has established a protectory for destitute children at West Chester, in which up- ward of 1,100 boys and 500 girls are cared for and educated ; a foundling asylum in 68th street, an asylum for female deaf mutes at Ford- ham, homes for destitute children and young girls attached to St. Stephen's and St. Ann's churches, homes for aged men and women, and new orphan asylums outside of New York city. To direct these institutions and to cooperate with the secular clergy, he has established communities of Dominicans, Franciscans, Ca- puchins, "Little Sisters of the Poor," and Ger- nan Franciscan sisters for the German hospi- tal. He has also labored strenuously to com- plete the new cathedral begun by his predeces- sor, for which he has given $10,000 from his own private purse, and to procure materials for which he visited Rome in 1874. MeCLURE, Sir Robert John Le Mesnrier, a British navigator, born in Wexford, Ireland, Jan. 28, 1807, died in London, Oct. 14, 1873. He wcs the son of an officer, and through the influence of Gen. Le Mesurier he was educated at Eton and Sandhurst. He served as midshipman