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 T6S MACARTKEY MACAULAY serving for two years as second in command succeeded Gen. Harrison in 1814 in command of the army of the West. In the latter part of this year he partly accomplished a bold plan of conquering Upper Canada, which he was obliged to relinquish from a failure of the forces of Gen. Izard to cooperate with him. After the peace, as a joint commissioner with Gen. Cass, he negotiated the treaty with the Indians of Ohio for the sale of their lands in that state, which was ratified in 1818. He sub- sequently served again in the Ohio legislature, and in 1823-'5 was a representative in con- gress ; and he was governor of the state from 1830 to 1833. MACARTNEY, George, earl, a British diplo- matist, born at Lissanoure, near Belfast, May 14, 1737, died in Chiswick, England, March 31, 1806. He graduated at Trinity college, Dublin, studied law in London, and in 1765 was sent as envoy extraordinary to the court of Russia, with which country he succeeded in concluding a commercial treaty. In 1769 he was made chief secretary for Ireland, and dis- tinguished himself in the Irish parliament, to which he had been returned, by Mis contests with the former lords justices, who for selfish purposes had joined the patriot party. He was governor of the island of Grenada from 1775 to 1779, when, being compelled to surren- der that possession to the French, he was sent prisoner to France. He was allowed by Louis XVI. to return to England, and was soon after exchanged. He was appointed governor of Madras in 1780 ; but ill health constrained him to resign this office in 1786, and to decline that of governor general of India to which he had been nominated before his arrival in Lon- don. In 1792 he was appointed ambassador extraordinary to the court of Peking, being the first English envoy ever sent to China. He was next made first British governor of the Cape of Good Hope, but declining health soon obliged him to return to England. In 1776 he was created baron, in 1792 viscount, and in 1794 Earl Macartney in the Irish peerage ; and in 1796 he received a British barony. An ac- count of his Chinese embassy by Sir George Staunton, who accompanied him as secretary, appeared in London in 1797 (2 vols. 4to). His life, with selections from his writings by Sir John Barrow, was published in London in 1807 (2 vols. 4to). MACASSAR, or Mangkassar (also called by the Dutch YLAAEDINGEN). I. A Dutch govern- ment, comprising the S. W. portions of the island of Celebes, in the Malay archipelago ; area (as claimed by the Dutch authorities), 45,689 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 345,912. (See CELEBES.) The name Macassar or Mangassa is properly that of a people inhabiting the S. part of the island, and having a language of their own with a written character. They are comparatively civilized, and soon after the first visit of the Portuguese in 1525 became the dominant people of Celebes. They embraced Mohammedanism, which they forced upon the Bughis, the other principal race of the island. In 1669 they were subdued by the Dutch, who had recently driven out the Portuguese. The Dutch were themselves expelled by the British in 1811, but Macassar was restored to them with their other possessions in 1816. II. A town of the government, near the S. W. ex- tremity of the island ; pop. about 12,000. It is situated about 800 ft. from the beach, in a beautiful plain bounded inland by a range of mountains. It has a pier, at the end of which there is 15 or 16 ft. of water. The streets are wide, regular, and well built, most of the houses being of European construction. One street is set apart for the Chinese. The town is defended by Fort Rotterdam, a work of considerable strength, and surrounded by palisades, with gates which are closed at night. The climate is healthy, and storms are seldom experienced. Besides fisheries of tripang on the N. coast of Australia, and a large native traffic with almost every commercial place in the neighboring waters, Macassar has imports of piece goods, firearms, ammunition, cutlery, and woollens from the Netherlands, and nan- keens, silks, sugar, tea, porcelain, &c., from China. It exports rice, cloves, nutmegs, sago, cotton wool, tortoise shell, and wax. It was made a free port by the Dutch in 1846. MACASSAR, Strait of, a channel connecting the Celebes and Java seas, and separating the island of Celebes from that of Borneo. It is about 400 m. long, and from 75 to 240 m. wide, and runs K and S. During the N. winds of January and February a strong cur- rent runs through it toward the south. Its navigation is obstructed by shoals and rocks. MACAUCO. See LEMUE. MACAULAY, Catharine (SAWBRIDGE), an English authoress, born in Kent in 1733, died at Bin- field, Berks, June 22, 1791. In 1760 she was married to Dr. George Macaulay, a London physician. He died soon after, and in 1778 she was married to Mr. Graham. She was an ardent republican, and a great admirer of "Washington, with whom she corresponded, and whom she visited in 1785. Her principal works are : " History of England, from the Accession of James I. to that of the Brunswick Line" (8 vols. 4to, London, 1763-'S3) ; " Reply to Mr. Burke's Pamphlet entitled 'Thoughts on the Causes of the Present Discontents ' " (Lon- don, 1770) ; "A Modest Plea for the Property of Copyright" (London, 1774); "Address to the People of England, Scotland, and Ireland on the Present Important Crisis of Affairs" (Bath, 1775); "History of England, from the Revolution to the present Time " (2d ed., 4to, London, 1778); " Treatise on the Immutability of Moral Truth" (1783); and "Observations on the Reflections of E. Burke on the Revolu- tion in France " (1790). MACAULAY, Thomas Babin^ton, baron, an Eng- lish historian, born at Rothley Temple, in the village of Rothley, Leicestershire, Oct. 25, 1800,