Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume X.djvu/53

 KOROS KORVEI intended him for scientific pursuits, and sent liim to the mining academy of Freiberg ; but he early displayed a strong taste for poetry, inspired by Schiller, who was an intimate friend of his father, and in 1810 published his first volume of poems under the title of Knos- pen, or " Buds." Having studied for a short time at the university of Leipsic, he went to Berlin, and soon after to Vienna, where he wrote his dramas Toni and Hedwig, and the tragedies Zriny and Rosamunda, and was ap- pointed poet to the Burgtheater. During the German "war of freedom" against Napoleon Korner joined the "black huntsmen" of Ltit- zow (March, 1813), with whom he entered Saxony. His bravery soon gave him a reputa- tion and the rank of lieutenant. It was during this exciting life that he wrote those patriotic songs which, set to music by Weber, have since become so well known. During the night of Aug. 25, 1813, while waiting in a wood to at- tack a small detachment of French troops, he wrote his celebrated ScJiwertlied, or " Sword Song." At 7 o'clock on the morning of the 26th Liitzow attacked the French, who took refuge in the wood while Korner pursued them. Between the fires of his own men and the enemy he was mortally wounded. His corpse was crowned with oak leaves and buried beneath an old oak, near the village of Wob- belin. Near the spot is now placed a fine monument of iron, designed by the architect Thormayer, which has become a place of great resort for visitors. A selection of his battle songs was prepared by his father and published under the title of Leier und ScJiwert (Berlin, 1814). His complete works were published by the direction of his mother, and edited by Streckfuss (1 vol., Berlin, 1834; 4 vols., 1838). His " Life, written by his Father, with his Se- lections from his Poems, Tales, and Dramas," translated from the German by G. F. Rich- ardson^ appeared in London in 1845. KOROS, or Nagy-Koros, a town of Hungary, in the county and 42 m. S. E. of the city of Pesth, on the railway to Szegedin ; pop. in 1870, 20,091. It has a gymnasium. The in- habitants are mostly Magyars, and chiefly en- gaged in raising stock and in cultivating wine and corn. KORTETZ, or Cortitz, an island of Russia, in the Dnieper river, 165 ft. above its level, in the government and about 40 m. south of the town of Yekaterinoslav. It is surrounded by masses of granite, and was a stronghold of the Cossacks until their removal in 1784, when the island, with its 16 villages, of which the prin- cipal one is named Kortetz, was selected by Catharine II. for a settlement of German Men- nonites, who are chiefly agriculturists. It has manufactures of cotton and woollen goods. KORTiJM, Johann Friedrich Christoph, a Ger- man historian, born at Eichhorst, Mecklenburg- Strelitz, Feb. 24, 1788, died in Heidelberg, June 4, 1858. He was successively a teacher in Fellenberg's school at Hofwyl and in other 471 VOL. x. 4 places, and professor of history at Basel, Bern, and Heidelberg. His principal works are Ge- schichte des Mittelalters (2 vols., Bern, 1836-'7), GescJiichte Griechenlands (3 vols., Heidelberg, 1854), and GescTiicJite Europas im Uebergange vom Mittelalter zur Neuzeit, edited by Reich- lin-Meldegg (2 vols.,. Leipsic, 1861). KORTlhi, Karl Arnold, a German poet, born at Muhlheim on the Ruhr, July 5, 1745, died in Bochum, Aug. 15, 1824. He was a physician, and is known for his humorous and satirical poetry, including De Jobsiade, an epic (3 parts, Minister, 1784; llth ed., Leipsic, 1865; Eng- lish translation by the Rev. C. T. Brooks, Phila- delphia, 1863). KORVEI, or Corrcy, a village of Westphalia, Prussia, in the district and 42 m. S. E. of Min- den, on the left bank of the Weser ; pop. about 600. It is beautifully situated, and has a har- bor and an annual fair. It is the residence of Prince Victor of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfurst, upon whom the title of duke of Ratibor and prince of Korvei was conferred in 1840. The church is a fine Gothic building, and the palace contains a large library and a collection of rare illustrated works. Korvei acquired celebrity through a Benedictine abbey, founded early in the 9th century by the emperor Louis le D6- bonnaire as a branch of that of Corbie in Pi- cardy, whence the name (Gorbeia Nova). It was directly under the authority of the pope, and became next to Fulda the greatest mission- ary centre for the diffusion of Christianity. Among its members were Anscarius, the apos- tle of the north, Bruno, who became pope as Gregory V., Wittekind, Wibald, and other re- nowned personages. A copy of Tacitus, with the only manuscript extant of the first six books of the " Annals," was discovered in the exten- sive library of the abbey in 1514, but was taken away, and is said to have passed into the hands of Pope Leo X., and to have been transferred to Florence. The abbey had a vote in the German diet, and claimed possession of the island of Riigen, which according to tradition had been given to" it by the emperor Lothaire. At the end of the 18th century Pius VI. pro- moted the abbey to a see; and after having belonged to the duchy of Nassau (1803) and the kingdom of Westphalia (1807), it was allotted to Prussia in 1815. The abbey was suppressed by the pope in 1816, while the king of Prussia in 1821 raised the territory belong- ing to it to a principality, which was bestowed on the landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rothen- burg, and subsequently inherited by Prince Hohenlohe-Schillingsfurst. Among the most renowned intellectual treasures of the former abbey was the Chronicon Corbeiense, long re- garded as a high authority on medieval history. It was first edited in 1824, but its genuineness has been impugned by Ranke and others. The Annales Corbeienses, however, included in vol. iii. of Pertz's Monumenta Germanim Historica, are regarded as authentic. (See Wigand, Die Korveischen Geschichtsquellen, Leipsic, 18410