Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume X.djvu/19

 KINROSS-SHIRE KIOWAS 13 growing upon the mountains of India. This contains 95 per cent, of tannin and extractive, and 24 of red gum. West India or Jamaica kino is believed to be the product of coccoloba umfera, or seaside grape, a small tree of the order polygonacece. It is possible that the same plant is the source of the South American kino. The African kino, although it is the variety to which the name was first applied, is no longer in the market. The butea gum from the dhah tree of India has been mistaken for it, and has a similar composition. Botany Bay kino is the concrete juice of eucalyptus resinifera, the brown gum tree of Australia, a large and lofty tree of the order myrtacece. It is said that a single tree is capable of fur- nishing 500 Ibs. of kino in one year. Kino is used in medicine as a powerful astringent, both internally and externally. It may be em- ployed in the form of powder, infusion, or tincture. The last named preparation is apt to gelatinize and lose its astringency when too long kept and exposed to the air. The dose of the powder is from 10 to 30 grains; of the tincture, a teaspoonf ul ; of the infusion, 2 or 3 oz. It is chiefly used medicinally in the treatment of diarrhoea. Passive hsemorrhages are sometimes controlled by it. KINROSS-SHIRE, a S. E. county of Scot- land, bordering on Fifeshire and Perthshire; area. 77 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 7,208. Loch Leven, covering an area of 3,300 acres, and abounding in fish, occupies the centre of the county. The remainder of the surface is level and well cultivated. Its minerals are coal, lime- stone, and iron. The chief towns are Kinross and Milnathort, which with some manufactu- ring villages produce plaids, shawls, &c. RINSALE, a maritime town and parliamentary borough of Ireland, in the county and 12 m. S. by W. of the city of Cork, on the estuary of the Bandon ; pop. in 1871, 5,248. It has an Episcopal and a Roman Catholic church, a con- vent, a Carmelite friary, two Methodist meet- ing houses, a town hall, prison, workhouse, and barracks. It is chiefly supported by the resort of summer visitors and the fisheries. A rail- way connects it with Cork. RINSRY, the name of a noble family of Bo- hemia, dating from the 14th century. Count FRANZ ULRIOH (1634-'99), his brother WENZEL NORBERT OCT AVIAN (1642-1719), and the son of the latter, FRANZ FERDINAND (1678-1741), were prominent statesmen and diplomatists in the Austrian empire. Count FRANZ JOSEPH (1739-1805) distinguished himself in the seven years' war, in the war against Turkey (1788), and against France (1793-'6), and rose to the highest rank in the Austrian army. A new edition of his writings on military science was published in 1806-'25 (6 vols., Vienna). The present head of the junior and princely branch is FERDINAND BONAVENTURA, Prince Kinsky of Wehinitz and Tettau, born Oct. 22, 1834. RIOTO (often called Miako, the native equiv- alent of the Chinese Kioto, capital, the real name being HEIAN or HEIANJO), a city and long the capital of Japan, in the S. W. part of the main island, on the Kamogawa, 235 m. S. W. of Tokio (Yedo), and 25 m. N. E. of Ozaka; pop. in 1872, 567,334. It is one of the three fu or imperial cities of Japan. It is in a broad plain encircled by moun- tains which are covered with groves, gardens, temples, and pagodas. The Kamo, which flows through the city, is a stream of pure water crossed by numerous wooden bridges and a magnificent one of iron erected in 1873. The river bed is in a large extent dry in summer, and the people use it as a pleasure ground. The houses, mostly of one story, are very neat; the streets, which run at right angles, are ex- ceedingly clean, and through many of them flow streams of pure water. It is especially famous for its temples. There are numerous monasteries and nunneries in the city, which in 1872 contained 2,413 Shinto shrines and 3,514 Buddhist temples. The now deserted palace of the mikado and the dwellings of the kuge or court nobles lie in a space enclosed by a wall of tiles and plaster, painted in longitu- dinal stripes of buff and white. The castle of Nijo, formerly belonging to the shogun (ty- coon), is in the central part of the W. side of the city, and is now used as the town hall. Kioto is famous for its manufactures of lac- 1 quered articles, silk stuffs, porcelain, metal vases and ornaments, and decorated weapons. It contains a school of foreign languages and sciences, besides many native schools. It is connected with Tokio and Nagasaki by tele- graph. The railway to Ozaka is not yet fin- ished. Its importance as a literary centre has passed away. From the earliest period, the capital of Japan has been fixed near or in Kioto, though it was not made the permanent capital till A. D. 794. So universally was it looked upon as the political as well as the literary and ecclesiastical centre of the empire, that the five adjacent provinces were named the Kinai, or home provinces, and the other portions of the empire were divided and named with reference to their direction from it, and the methods of communication by road and canal were ar- ranged with regard to it. In 1864 a conflict, which lasted for several days, took place in and around the mikado's palace, during which near- ly the whole city was burned. In 1868 the mi- kado took up his permanent residence in Yedo, which was thereupon called Tokio (eastern cap- ital), while Kioto was named Saikio (western capital), a name which it now popularly retains. RIOWA, a S. W. county of Kansas, recently formed, and not included in the census of 1870 ; area, 900 sq. m. Its N. W. corner is in- tersected by the Arkansas river, and it is watered by several streams. RIOWAS, or Rioways, a tribe of North Ameri- can Indians belonging to the Shoshonee family. They were first brought to notice by Lewis and Clark. Their skin lodges and hunting grounds were then on the Paducah, and with the Kas-