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 156 LANSINGBURGH LANZI creasing trade. The river affords water power, which has as yet been but little utilized. The principal manufactories are three of sash, doors, and blinds, two of chairs, one of spokes, felloes, and bent work, two of barrels, three of iron work, including agricultural implements, sew- ing machines, and steam engines, several saw mills, a flouring mill, and a woollen mill. There are two national banks with a capital of $175,- 000, and an insurance company with $100,000 capital. The public schools are graded, in- cluding a high school department, and in 1873 had 27 teachers and 1,050 pupils. The Michi- gan homo30pathic college, open to both sexes, is situated here. The state library has more than 20,000 volumes, the public school library about 500, and that of the Lansing library and literary association about 1,000. Two weekly newspapers are published, and there are 15 churches, viz. : Baptist, Congregational, Epis- copal, Freewill Baptist, Lutheran, German Evangelical Lutheran, Methodist (5), Presbyte- rian (2), Roman Catholic, and Universalist. Lansing was made the seat of government in 1847, when its settlement was barely begun, and was incorporated as a city in 1859. LANSINGBURGH, a village of Rensselaer co., New York, on the E. bank of the Hudson river, opposite the mouth of the Mohawk, and joining Troy on the south; pop. in 1870, 6,372. It has communication with Troy by the Troy and Boston railroad and by horse cars, and by the latter with Waterford, 1 m. N". on the other side of the river. It is handsomely laid out, with streets crossing each other at right angles and shaded with trees, and has an excellent fire department. Besides a large number of brush factories, for which Lansingburgh is par- ticularly noted, there are two manufactories of oil cloth, one of valves, two of crackers, and one of knit goods. It has a national bank, five hotels, three public schools, a female semi- nary, a Roman Catholic school, a weekly news- paper, and seven churches. LANTERN FLY. See FIEEFLT. LANTHANUM, or Lantannm (Gr. fave&vew, to lie hid), a metal discovered in 1841 by Mosan- der, who then separated it from the metal didymium, with which it was associated to- gether with cerium in the mineral cerite; symbol, La; chemical equivalent, 92. It forms only one oxide, which is buff-colored and free- ly soluble in diluted nitric acid. It forms colorless astringent salts, which give a white precipitate with the soluble oxalates. LANUVirM (now Cimta Lavigna), an ancient city of Italy, in Latium, 18 m. S. S. E. of Rome, about a mile from the Appian way. It was founded at a very remote period, and probably by a colony from Alba. It took part with Rome against the Volscians, but later, in the wars of the Latins, against the Romans. Sub- sequently it was celebrated for its temple of Juno Sospita. It suffered greatly in the civil wars. The emperor Antoninus Pius was born here. Few remains of the old city now exist. LANZA, Giovanni, an Italian statesman, born at Vignale, Piedmont, in 1815. He became a member of the Sardinian chamber in 1848, and of Cavour's cabinet as minister of education in 1855, and of finance in 1858. He withdrew with Cavour in 1859, and was repeatedly presi- dent of the Sardinian chamber and the Italian parliament. In 1864-'5 he was minister of the interior under Lamarmora, and he executed the transfer of the capital of Italy to Florence. In 1867 he was again president of the parlia- ment, but resigned in consequence of his objec- tions to the financial measures of the govern- ment. His reelection to the presidency in 1869 occasioned the resignation of the Menabrea cabinet, and the king called upon him to form a new one, in which he took the portfolio of the interior. The transfer of the capital to Rome, July 1, 1871, took place under his ad- ministration, and he projected beneficial finan- cial measures. His cabinet, resigning June 26, 1873, was succeeded, after a protracted crisis, by that of Minghetti. LANZAROTE, the most K E. of the Canary islands, in lat. 29 2' N., Ion. 13 48' W., 90 m. from the African coast; length 36 m., average breadth 9 m. ; area, about 325 sq. m. ; pop. in 1 867, 1 7,500. The mountains are all of volcanic origin, and the principal peak, Montana Blanca, is upward of 2,000 ft. high ; the most conspic- uous of the active volcanoes is Temanfay. Small rocky islands abound on the N. E. and E. coast. The decomposed lava which com- poses the soil of the low hills and large plains makes it exceedingly fertile in rainy years, but the generally prevailing drought is often fatal to vegetation. In good years the product of wine amounts to 1,500 pipes. The other staple articles are various cereals. Teguise is the residence of the governor, and Arecife is the principal port, free since 1852. The total value of imports in 1872 was 22,614, and 83 vessels entered and cleared, tonnage 16,947. The ex- ports to England amounted to 12,585. LANZI, Lnigi, an Italian author, born at Monte dell' Almo, near Fermo, June 14, 1732, died in Florence, March 30, 1810. He was educated by his father and at the Jesuit college in Fermo. He entered the order in 1749, and taught in their schools. After studying the- ology at Rome for four years, he was professor of the humanities in several colleges. Upon the suppression of the Jesuits in 1773, he was appointed assistant director of the gallery of Florence. He studied the Etruscan language and antiquities, making several journeys to collect materials. In 1790 he was appointed archaeologist of the grand duke, in consequence of his Saggio di lingua etrusca. He now de- voted himself altogether to archaeological and artistic researches. Toward the close of his life he wrote several devotional books. His most important works are : Descrizione della galeria di Firenze (Pisa, 1782) ; Saggio di lingua etrusca (Rome, 1789) ; and Storia pittorica della Italia (6 vols., Florence, 1792), a work