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 144: LANGE senator, which office he held till 1801. In politics he was a republican, and acted with Jefferson, who upon assuming office in 1801 offered him the post of secretary of the navy, which he declined. From 1805 to 1812, with the exception of two years, he was governor of New Hampshire ; and in 1812 the repub- lican congressional caucus offered him the nomination for the office of vice president of the United States, which, on the score of age and infirmities, he declined. The remainder of his life was passed in retirement. LARGE, Johann Peter, a German theologian, born at Sonnborn, near Elberfeld, April 10, 1802. Of humble origin, he seized occasional advantages for study, spent a year and a half at the gymnasium of Diisseldorf, and in 1822 entered the university of Bonn. He studied theology under Lticke and Nitzsch, and after preaching at Langenberg and Duisburg, be- came in 1841 professor of church history and dogmatics at Zurich. In the beginning of 1854 he was appointed professor of systematic theology at Bonn, and in 1860 counsellor of the consistory. He has published theological and exegetical works of great thoroughness and ability. The most celebrated are his Leben Jesu (3 vols., Heidelberg, 1844-'7 ; Eng- lish translation, "The Life of the Lord Jesus Christ," by Sophia Taylor and J. E. Ryland, Philadelphia, 1872), which appeared during the Strauss controversy, and is in some re- spects one of the ablest works on the subject ; Die christliche Dogmatik (3 vols., 1849-'62) ; Die Geschichte der KircJie (part i., Das aposto- liscJie Zeitalter, 2 vols., Brunswick, 1853-'4) ; and his great Theologisch-homiletisches Bibel- werk, forming the basis of what has been pub- lished in America as " Lange's Commentary," of which the plan and the treatment of the leading books of the Old and New Testaments are Lange's, and appeared in Germany from 1853 to 1864, while portions are by other scholars. The American translation is edited by Prof. Philip Schaff (New York, 1865 et seq.). LANGE, Lndwig, a German archaeologist, born in Hanover, May 4, 1825. He graduated at Gottingen in 1849, and became professor there in 1853, at Prague in 1855, at Giessen in 1859, and at Leipsic in 1871. His principal work is Handbuch der romischen Alterthumer (3 vols., Berlin, 1856-74). In 1874 he published at Leipsic Die EpJieten und der Areopag vor Solon. LANGELAND, an island of Denmark, between the islands of Laaland and Funen, separated from the former by the Langeland Belt, and from the latter by a narrow channel of great depth, having the Great Belt on the north and the Baltic on the south ; length from N. to S. 33 m., average breadth about 3 m. ; area, 106 sq. m. ; pop. in 1864, 18,399. The E. coast is washed by a strong current, and has no har- bors ; the "W. coast is free from currents, is deeply indented, contains many excellent har- bors, and furnishes throughout one great road- stead with safe anchorage for the largest ves- LANGLANDE sels. The island is fertile, yielding much grain and dairy produce. It is included in the bail- iwick of Svendborg. Capital, Rudkiobing, which is a port with considerable shipping. LAICGENSALZA, a town of Prussia, in the province of Saxony, on the Salza, near its en- trance into theUnstrut, 17 m. N. W. of Erfurt ; pop. in 1871, 9,484. It has four churches, a Realschule, a female school of a higher grade, and manufactories of linen and of machines. On June 27, 1866, a battle was fought here be- tween the Prussians and Hanoverians, in which the latter repulsed the Prussians, but on the following day surrendered to them. LANGER, Robert von, a German painter, born in Diisseldorf in 1783, died at Haidhausen, Oct. 6, 1846. He was a son of the historical painter Johann Peter von Langer (1756-1824), and became professor at the academy of Mu- nich and chief director of the national galle- ries, and organized the Pinakothek. He illus- trated Dante's Inferno, and his other works consist chiefly of frescoes from Biblical and ancient history. It was mainly through his efforts that Rubens's "Battle of the Amazons" and other works were restored. LANGHORNE, John, an English poet, born at Kirkby-Stephen, Westmoreland, in March, 1735, died in Wells, Somersetshire, April 1, 1779. He took orders, and went to Cambridge, where he supported himself by teaching in a gentleman's family. On account of an unfor- tunate attachment to the daughter of his em- ployer he left his situation and went to Lon- don, where he wrote for periodicals, obtained the curacy of St. John's, Clerkenwell, and was appointed assistant preacher of Lincoln's Inn. In 1765 he published a short poem entitled "Genius and Valor," to defend the Scotch against the aspersions of Churchill ; for this he received the degree of D. D. from the university of Edinburgh in 1766, and in 1767 he married the lady to whom he had previously paid un- successful suit. She belonged to a wealthy family, and the living of Blagden in Somerset- shire was purchased for her husband; but within a year she died in childbed. Langhorne then removed to Folkestone, where, in con- junction with his brother William, who held a curacy in that town, he wrote his translation of Plutarch's "Lives" (1771), the work by which he is best known. He married again, and lost his second wife also in childbed in 1776. In 1777 he obtained a prebend in the cathedral of Wells. He was a voluminous writer of tales, short poems, and sermons, which are little valued. A collection of his poems with a memoir of the author was published by his son in 1802, in 3 vols. 8vo. LANGLANDE, Langelande, or Longland, Robert, the supposed author of the " Vision of Piers Ploughman," born at Cleobury Mortimer, Shropshire, in the first half of the 14th century. Nothing is known of him except from tradi- tions current at least as early as the 16th century, according to which he was educated