Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/839

 HORNBLENDE loles, according to Livingstone, in the mopane tree (Bauhinia), a very hard wood ; the female makes her nest in February, lining it with her own feathers, and lays four or five eggs, of the size of a pigeon's, and of a white color ; she remains a close prisoner in the hole until the young are fully fledged, a period of eight or ten weeks ; during this time the opening is plastered up with clay by the male, with the exception of a slit three or four inches long and about half an inch wide, exactly fitting the shape of his beak, and through this he feeds the female and the young. While thus imprisoned she gets very fat, and is esteemed by the natives a dainty morsel ; they often dig her out, letting alone the lean and overworked male. The female sometimes hatches out two young, and by the time these are fully fledged two others are just out of the egg ; she then leaves the nest with the two oldest, and the hole is again plastered up, both parents attend- ing to the wants of the remaining young until they too are able to come forth. HORNBLENDE (amphibole of Hatiy), a mine- ral species placed by Dana in the augite section of the anhydrous silicates. The chemical com- position of hornblende was formerly repre- sented by the general formula 4KO 3SiO s, in which RO may be either calcium, magnesium, iron and sodium, or sometimes manganese and potassium ; but Rammelsberg by comparing his analyses with those of others, concludes that all hornblendes are metasilicates of the general formula M 2 OSiO 2, or M 2 SiO 3. In some varieties the silica is replaced by alumina. The application of the law of isomorphism brings together under the same species many mine- rals that were formerly regarded as distinct ; and thus actinolite, tremolite, asbestus, and oth- ers, are now properly included in this species. In common use the name is limited, as it was formerly applied, only to the dark crystalline minerals which are met with in long slender prisms, either scattered in quartz, granite, and other igneous and metamorphic rocks, or gen- erally disseminated throughout their mass; constituting with feldspar alone greenstone and varieties of the trappean rocks, and also hornblende slate; with feldspar and quartz, the rock syenite, or if mica too be present, syenitic granite. The crystals are also aggre- gated together to form rocks called hornblende or amphibole rocks, the texture of which is sometimes granular. The color of the mineral is usually black or dark green, owing to the presence of much iron ; its hardness is 5-6 ; specific gravity, 3-1-3-4. It has close affinities with augite, and on cooling after fusion it has been found to assume the form and cleavage of this mineral. It appears to have been pro- duced under conditions of fusion and cooling which cannot be imitated in the laboratory, the crystals obtained artificially being of the augite type. HORNE, George, an English bishop, born at Otham, Kent, Nov. 1, 1730, died in Bath, Jan. HORNE 821 17, 1792. He took orders in 1753, and soon became distinguished as a preacher. He be- came president of Magdalen college, Oxford, in 1768; chaplain to the king in 1771; vice chancellor of the university of Oxford in 1776 ; dean of Canterbury in 1781; and bishop of Norwich in 1790. Sympathizing with the views of John Hutchinson, his first publication was an ironical attack on the philosophy of New- ton in 1751, in which he draws a parallel be- tween the heathen notions of Cicero's Somni- um Scipionis and the Newtonian doctrines. This was followed by other similar works at- tacking such men as Kennicott and Shuckford. He published several volumes of sermons; "Letters to Dr. Priestley;" "Letters on Infi- delity ;" and a letter to Adam Smith on the life, death, and" philosophy of David Hume. His chief work is his " Commentary on the Psalms " (2 vols. 4to, Oxford, 1776), on which he labored 20 years. His writings were pub- lished in 1795, in 6 vols., with a memoir of his life, &c., by his chaplain, the Rev. William Jones; and his "Aphorisms," with a biogra- phy, in 1857. HORNE, Richard Hengist, an English author, born in London about 1803. Educated at the royal military college, Sandhurst, he entered the Mexican navy as a midshipman, and serv- ed until the conclusion of the war of indepen- dence. Returning to England, he devoted him- self to literature, and wrote " Cosmo de Medi- cis," "The Death of Marlowe," and "The Death Fetch," tragedies founded on Eliza- bethan models; followed by "The Adven- tures of a London Doll," "The Good-Natured Bear," and " An Exposition of the False Me- dium, and Barriers excluding Men of Genius from the Public" (1838). Subsequently he produced a tragedy, " Gregory the Seventh " (1840), preceded by an essay on tragic influ- ence; a "Life of Napoleon" (2 vols. 8vo, 1841); and "Orion, an Epic Poem" (1843), the price of which was announced upon the title page to be one farthing. This sarcasm upon the public appreciation of modern epic poetry attracted attention, and three large edi- tions were sold at a farthing a copy. In the fourth edition the price was raised to a shil- ling and in the fifth to a crown. This poem was followed by " A New Spirit of the Age," being criticisms upon living British authors (1844) ; " Spirit of Peers and People " (1846) ; "Ballads and Romances" (1846); "Judas Iscariot, a Miracle Play" (1848); "The Poor Artist, or Seven Eyesights and One Object (1850) ; and " The Dreamer and the Worker (1851) He also contributed largely to periodi- cal literature. In 1852 Home went to Aus- tralia, where, after digging in the gold mines, he became successively chief of police, gold commissioner, and territorial magistrate, and in 1859 published "Australian Facts and Prin- ciples." He returned to England in 1870. HORNE, Thomas Hartwell, an English author, born Oct. 20, 1780, died Jan. 27, 1862. He