Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/825

 HOOKER cestersMre, England, in 1586, died in Hartford Conn., July 7, 1647. He is supposed to have been a cousin of the preceding. After gradu- ating at Emmanuel college, Cambridge, he took orders, preached in London, and was chosen lecturer at Chelmsford in 1626. Having been silenced by Laud for nonconformity, he "estab- lished a grammar school at Little Baddow, near Chelmsford, in which John Eliot, " the apos- tle of the Indians," was an usher. In 1630, being still persecuted by the spiritual court, he went to Holland, where he preached at Delft and Rotterdam, being an assistant to Dr. Ames, who said of him that "he never met with his equal, either in preaching or disputation." In 1633 he came to New England with Cotton and Stone, and was settled with the latter at Newtown (now Cambridge), being ordained by the brethren of the church. In 1636 he re- moved with about 100 others to what is now Hartford, Conn., where he and Stone were the first ministers of the church. He was a re- markably animated and able preacher, com- monly using no notes. Some 200 of his ser- mons were transcribed by John Higginson and sent to England, where about half of them were published. His most celebrated work, "A Survey of the Summe of Church Disci- pline," written in conjunction with John Cot- ton, was published in England under the super- vision of Dr. Thomas Goodwin (4to, 1648). A memoir of his life, with a selection from his writings, has been published by the Rev. E. W. Hooker, D. D. (18mo, Boston, 1849). HOOKER, Sir William Jackson, an English bot- anist, born in Norwich in 1785, died Aug. 12, 1865. He manifested a taste for botany at an unusually early age, and in 1809 he visited Ice- land for the purpose of studying its natural history. The collection made with great pains during this visit was subsequently lost, but his copious notes and excellent memory enabled him to give an account of the botany of that region in his "Tour in Iceland in 1809 " (Yar- mouth, 1811; 2d ed., 2 vols. 8vo, London, 1813). He was subsequently engaged at dif- ferent times in editing a continuation of Cur- tis's "Botanical Magazine," from 1830 to 1833 the "Botanical Miscellany," and from 1834 to 1851 the "London Journal of Botany." He was for a long time professor of botany in the university of Glasgow, and afterward became director of the royal gardens at Kew, in which post he was succeeded at his death by his son Joseph Dalton Hooker. He was knighted in 1836. Among his numerous works are : " Brit- ish Jungermanniae " (4to, London, 1816 ; 2d ed., 1846); " Muscologia Britannica " (1818; enlarged, 1855); "Flora Scotica" (1821); " The Exotic Flora " (3 vols., 1823-'7) ; " Icones Plantarum " (10 vols., 1836-'54) ; " Flora Bo- reali-Americana " (2 vols. 4to, 1829-'40) ; " British Flora " (1830 ; 7th ed., 1855) ; " Com- panion to the Botanical Magazine" (2 vols., 1835-'6); "Icones Filicum" (with the assist- ance of Greville, 1829-'31) ; "Botany of Capt. HOOPER 807 Beechey's Voyage" (1831-'41); "Genera of Ferns " (1838-'42) ; " Notes on the Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of Sir James C. Ross " (1843) ; " Species Filicum " (3 vols., 1846-'o3) "Guide to Kew Gardens" (1847); "Century of Orchidaceous Plants" (1846); "Victoria Regia" (1851); "Century of Ferns" (1854); "Fihces Exoticaa" (1859); "British Ferns" and "Second Century of Ferns" (1861); and "Garden Ferns " (1862). HOOKER, Worthlngton, an American physi- cian, born in Springfield, Mass., March 2, 1806, died in New Haven, Conn., Nov. 6, 1867. He received his academic education at Yale col- lege, and graduated in medicine at Harvard university in 1829. He then settled in Nor- wich, Conn., where he practised his profession till 1852, when he was* appointed professor of the theory and practice of medicine in the med- ical institution of Yale college, which post he held till his death. In 1864 he was chosen vice president of the American medical asso- ciation. In 1849 he published a work entitled " Physician and Patient," which gained him a high reputation as a literary and medical scholar. In 1850 appeared his " Lessons from the History of Medical Delusions," the Rhode Island prize fund dissertation for that year. He made several important committee reports to the American medical association, and was the author of a valuable series of books on phy- siology, natural history, chemistry, &c., for the use of the young. HOOLE, John, an English translator, born in London in 1727, died near Dorking, Aug. 2, 1803. At the age of 17 he was placed as a clerk in the East India house, where he re- mained nearly 40 years. He published trans- lations of the " Jerusalem Delivered " (2 vols. 8vo, 1763) and " Rinaldo" (1792) of Tasso, the dramas of Metastasio (2 vols. 12mo, 1767), and the "Orlando Furioso " of Ariosto (5 vols. 8vo, 1773-'83). Sir Walter Scott speaks of Hoole as " a noble transmuter of gold into lead," and Southey alludes to the translation of the Or- lando as " that vile version of Hoole's." His dramatic works were three tragedies, "Cyrus," " Timanthes," and " Cleonice, Princess of Baby- lon," all of which failed. HOOPER, John, an English prelate, born in Somersetshire about 1495, executed in Glouces- ter, Feb. 9, 1555. He was educated at Oxford, and became a Cistercian monk. Returning to Oxford, he embraced the doctrines of the reformation, but in 1539 accepted the appoint- ment of chaplain to Sir John Arundel, which he was obliged to relinquish when his Protestant views were discovered. He then went to France, and afterward returned secretly to England ; but being recognized he escaped to Ireland, and thence passed over to the continent, remaining in Switzerland until the accession of Edward VI., when he went back to England and preached the reformation in London. In 1550 he was nominated to the see of Glouces^ ter, but refusing to wear the episcopal robes of