Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/747

 HILLSBOROUGH BILLS60ROFGH. I. A S. county of New Hampshire, bordering on Massachusetts, in- tersected in its E. part by the Merrimack river, and drained in the W. by the Contoo- cook ; area, 960 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 64,238. It has a gently diversified surface, but there are few hills of great elevation. The soil is fer- tile and well watered with running streams and small lakes. It is traversed by the Con- cord, the Contoocook Eiver, the Peterborough and Shirley, the Monadnock, the Boston, Low- ell, and Nashua, the Wilton branch, the Wor- cester and Nashua, the Manchester and Law- rence, and the Manchester and North Weare railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 15,380 bushels of wheat, 163,801 of Indian corn, 74,716 of oats, 15,677 of barley, 349,692 of potatoes, 42,441 Ibs. of wool, 718,696 of butter, 58,261 of cheese, and 68,089 tons of hay. There were 4,748 horses, 12,466 milch cows, 3,997 working oxen, 11,660 other cattle, 11,820 sheep, and 5,514 swine. There were 664 manufacturing establishments, with an aggregate capital of $13,443,890, and an an- nual product of $25,330,611, chiefly situated in Amherst, Manchester, and Nashua, the county towns. II. A W. county of Florida, bordering on the gulf of Mexico; area, 2,900 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,216, of whom 546 were colored. Its coast is deeply indented by Tampa bay, and it is drained by Hillsborough, Alafia, and Manatee rivers. Its surface is low, level, and in some places marshy, and is timbered with live oak and palmetto. The soil is very rich. The chief productions in 1870 were 33,- 332 bushels of Indian corn, 27,663 of sweet potatoes, 35 hogsheads of sugar, 5,629 gallons of molasses, and 2,443 bales of cotton. There were 406 horses, 3,123 milch cows, 12,619 other cattle, and 3,679 swine. Capital, Tampa. HILLSDALE, a S. county of Michigan, bounded S. by Ohio, and touching the N. E. extremity of Indiana; area, 555 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 31,684. It is drained by the head waters of St. Joseph's river of Lake Michigan, St. Joseph's of the Maumee, the Kalamazoo, and Grand river. It has an undulating surface, heavily timbered in the south, and supporting elsewhere a thin growth of oak and hickory. The soil is a rich sandy loam. Iron ore and fine sandstone are found. It is intersected by the Michigan Southern, the Fort Wayne, Jack- son, and Saginaw, and the Detroit, Hillsdale, and Indiana railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 531,839 bushels of wheat, 879,- 032 of Indian corn, 271,732 of oats, 294,364 of potatoes, 385,051 Ibs. of wool, 866,352 of butter, 35,891 of cheese, and 43,807 tons of hay. There were 8,996 horses, 10,567 milch cows, 11,303 other cattle, 89,457 sheep, and 17,492 swine; 8 manufactories of agricultural implements, 15 of carriages, 2 of cheese, 5 of furniture, 5 of iron castings, 3 of tombstones, 8 of saddlery and harness, 7 of sash, doors, and blinds, 1 of woollen goods, 8 flour mills, and 16 saw mills. Capital, Hillsdale. HILO 729 HILLSDALE, a city and the capital of Hills- dale co., Michigan, at the intersection of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, and the Detroit, Hillsdale, and Indiana railroads, 55 m. S. of Lansing, and 85 m. W. by S. of Detroit pop. in 1860, 2,177 ; in 1870, 3,518. It is sur- rounded by a fine agricultural region, and has an important trade in grain. It contains a chair factory, employing about 300 men, 3 flouring mills, 2 founderies and machine shops, 2 national banks, and 4 hotels. The city is the seat of Hillsdale college, an institution un- der the control of the Free-Will Baptists. It was originally established at Spring Arbor by a vote of the Michigan yearly meeting in 1844, and was chartered as Michigan Central college in the following year. It was removed to Hillsdale and received a new charter under its present name in 1855. The college building, a handsome brick structure four stories high, was partially destroyed by fire on March 6, 1874, and a new one is in course of erection. The grounds are spacious and well laid out. The college embraces seven departments, viz. : classical, scientific, classical preparatory, gen- eral preparatory, theological, music, art. The faculty consists of the president, 7 professors, and 14 instructors and tutors. The whole number of students in 1872-'3 was 606, of whom 391 were male and 215 female. Of this number there were 49 in the classical depart- ment, of whom 7 graduated; 175 in the scien- tific, of whom 20 graduated; classical prepara- tory, 33; general preparatory, 240; theologi- cal, 13; music, 73; art, 26. The library con- tains about 4,000 volumes. Hillsdale has 13 public schools, including a high school, 3 weekly newspapers, and 6 churches. It was settled in 1832, and incorporated in 1869. HILO, a seaport town on the E. side of the island of Hawaii, in a district of the same name ; pop. in 1872, 4,220, native and foreign. It is the second town in size, after Honolulu, in the Hawaiian islands. Hilo harbor, former- ly called Byron's bay, has from three to eight fathoms of water ; it is spacious, and protected by a reef of lava and coral from all winds ex- cept northerly ones, during which sailing ves- sels find it difficult to leave the port. The vil- lage and the district are among the most beau- tiful regions of the tropics. The climate is ex- traordinarily rainy. In a single year (1846-'7) there was a total rainfall of 182 in., of which 38-156 in. fell in March, 1847, and 10*466 in. in a single day. The district of Hilo is cut up by the deep channels of no less than 50 large streams, which fall into the sea within a space of coast about 25 m. in extent, discharging the rains that are poured by the trade winds upon the N. E. flanks of Mauna Kea. The freshets in these streams often come on so suddenly as to resemble the deluge produced by the sudden breaking of a mill dam. The town has four churches, viz. : Protestant and Catholic church- es for the Hawaiians, a foreign church, and a seamen's bethel.