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 710 HETEROPODA HEYNE these ancient but seemingly prophetic types, and is among the facts that are difficult to ex- plain on the Darwinian theory of development. HETEROPODA. See NUCLEOBRANCHIATES. HETEROPTERA. See HEMIPTEEA. HETMAff. See ATTAMAN. HEUGLIN, Theodor von, baron, a German traveller, born at Hirschlanden, Wtirtemberg, March 20, 1824. He studied natural history and pharmacy, travelled through Europe,, and went in 1850 to Egypt, and explored Arabia Petraea and the shores of the Red sea. Hav- ing been appointed in 1852 secretary to Dr. Reitz, Austrian consul at Khartoom, he ac- companied him to Abyssinia. Reitz having died, Von Heuglin succeeded him as consul, and continued his explorations in the region of the White Nile. In 1856 he visited Greece and the shores of Asia Minor, and in 1860 he took charge of an expedition in search of the traveller Edward Vogel. After searching in the Galla country and parts of Abyssinia, he returned to Khartoom in July, 1862. Early in 1863 he set out with Steudner to reexplore the course of the White Nile. In 1865 he .returned to Europe. In 1870-"T1 he made an exploration of Spitzbergen and Nova Zembla, the general results of which are given by Spo- rer in Petermann's Mitiheilungen for 1873. His works include Reisen in Nbrdostafrika (Gotha, 1857) ; Reise nach Abessinien und den Oallalandern (Jena, 1868) ; OrnitJtologie Nord- ostafrilcas (Cassel, 1868 et seq.} ; and Reise in das G-ebiet der westlichen Zuflmse des Weissen Nil (Leipsic, 1869). HEVELIUS (HEWEL, or HEWELKE), Johannes, a Polish astronomer, born in Dantzic, Jan. 28, 1611, died there, Jan. 28, 1688. He was of noble birth, studied at Leyden, applied himself to improving optical instruments, and estab- lished in his house a private press from which most of his works were issued. He was cho- sen councillor in 1651. In 1641 he construct- ed an observatory, called Stellaeburgum, which he provided with instruments chiefly of his own manufacture. In 1679 he was visited by Halley, whom the royal society of London had requested to examine his observations. In that year his observatory was burned down, with his library and many of his manuscripts. He soon rebuilt it, and continued his astronom- ical pursuits till his death. As an observer he ranked next to Flamsteed among the astron- omers of his age. His works include Selenogra- phia (1647), Cometographia (1668), Machina Ccelestis(l673-9), Firmamentum Sobiescianum (1690), and Prodrome Astronomm (1691). IIEVES. I. A central county of Hungary, bordering on the counties of Gomor, Borsod, Szabolcs, B6k6s, Csongrad, and Pesth ; area, 2,546 sq. m. ; pop. in 1869, 332,613, of whom the great majority were Magyars. It is water- ed by the Theiss, Zagyva, Erlau, and Tarna. Its chief products are wine, corn, and tobac- co ; and it has a considerable manufacturing industry and a brisk trade. Capital, Erlau. II. A town of the preceding county, 55 m. E. N. E. of Pesth ; pop. in 1869, 5,703. The in- habitants produce wine, corn, and tobacco. HEWES, Joseph, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, born at Kings- ton, N. J., in 1730, died in Philadelphia, Nov. 10, 1779. He was educated at Princeton col- lege, and went to Philadelphia to engage in mercantile business. About 1760 he removed to North Carolina, and settled in Edenton, and in 1774 was sent as a delegate to the general congress at Philadelphia. Soon after taking his seat he was appointed on a committee to " state the rights of the colonies in general, the several instances in which those rights are vio- lated or infringed, and the means most proper to be pursued for obtaining a restoration of them," and aided in the preparation of its re- port. The congress adjourned in October, and a new one met in the succeeding May, of which Mr. Hewes was again chosen a member, and served on many important committees during !775-'6. In 1777 he declined a reelection, but resumed his seat in July, 1779. HEYDEN, Jan van der, a Dutch painter, born at Gorkum about 1637, died in Amsterdam in 1712. His best works represent the most pic- turesque views and public buildings of Am- sterdam and other cities of the Netherlands, Germany, and England. He was a master of chiaroscuro and perspective, and his paint- ings were generally embellished with figures by Adrian van der Velde and by Lingelbach. The finish of his productions was remarkable. He was director of fire-extinguishing companies, and in 1690 published an illustrated work on his improvements in fire engines. HEYLIPf, Peter, an English theologian, born in Burford, Oxfordshire, in 1600, died in Lon- don, May 8, 1662. He was educated at Ox- ford, read lectures on history and geography, was made D.D., and in 1629 was nominated, at the request of Laud, one of the chaplains in ordinary to the king. He was a zealous royal- ist, and in the time of the rebellion his property was confiscated by the parliament, and he him- self was obliged to fly to Oxford, where he edited the journal called Mercurius Aulicm till 1645. On the restoration he was appointed sub-dean of Westminster by Charles II. His writings comprise about 37 works, chiefly on church history and polemics. Some of them passed through several editions, and his " Ec- clesia Restaurata, History of the Reformation of the Church of England," with his life by his son-in-law John Barnard, D. D., was reprinted in 1849 (2 vols. 8vo, Cambridge). HEYNE, Christian Gottlob, a German philolo- gist, born in Chemnitz, Saxony, Sept. 25, 1729, died in Gottingen, July 14, 1812. He studied philology and the classics at Leipsic, and after- ward obtained at Dresden a situation as under secretary in the library of the minister Bruhl, where he became intimate with Winckehnann, then a young, poor student like himself. In 1763 he was appointed to fill the chair of elo^