Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/630

 616 HEINSE HEIR had several years previously been successful in teaching deaf mutes, and now taught a deaf and dumb boy to speak. Large numbers of do:if mutes were consequently put under his care, and his reputation became so great that the elector of Saxony solicited him to return to his native country. He went to Leipsic, and on April 14, 1778, opened the first institution for the instruction of the deaf and dumb in Germany. He also took great interest in pub- lic education, and vigorously attacked the old system of learning by rote. After his death his wife continued to direct the institution. His principal writings are : Beobachtungen uber Stumme und die menschlicke Sprache (Hamburg, 1778) ; Ueber die Denlcart der Taub- stummen (Leipsic, 1780) ; Ueber alte und neue LeJirarten (1783) ; and Wichtige EntdecTcungen und Beitriige zur Seelenlelire und zur mensch lichen Sprache (1784). II KINS K. Johann Jakob Wilhclm, a German au- thor, born at Langewiesen, Schwarzburg-Son- dershausen, about 1749, died in Mentz, July 22, 1803. His first publication was a very free translation of Petronius Arbiter, followed by Laldion, an apotheosis of the voluptuous and beautiful in art. Heinse defended himself against the charge of indecency, while Goethe, impressed by the extraordinary merit of Lal- dion, apart from its immorality, praised it highly. In 1776 he left Gleim to accompany Jacobi to Diisseldorf, whom he there assisted in editing a periodical entitled Iris. In 1780 he went to Italy, proceeded in 1782 with the artist Kobel to Naples, and returned with An- gelica Kauffmann to Rome. Having returned to Germany, principally on foot, he became librarian to the elector of Mentz, and published the famous romance of Ardinghello. This was succeeded by Anastasia, a romance consisting of problems in chess and scenes turning on the game ; and this by Hildegard von Hohenthal, the conclusion of Ardinghello. In addition to the above, he wrote Sinngedichte (Halberstadt, 1771), and translated Ariosto's " Orlando" and Tasso's "Jerusalem Delivered." HEINSIUS, Antonio*, grand pensionary of Hol- land, born in 1641, died at the Hague, Aug. 13, 1720. He was an intimate friend and confi- dential agent of Prince William III. of Orange, and during 40 years was the moving spirit of Dutch politics. After William became king of England (1689), Heinsius managed for him, greatly to his satisfaction, the affairs of Hol- land, and was instrumental in rendering the states general favorable to friendly action with England. The grand alliance on the subject of the Spanish succession, between the em- peror, the kings of England, Prussia, and Den- mark, Holland, the duke of Savoy, and the elec- tor of Hanover, against Louis XIV. and Philip V., was in great measure due to the exertions of the grand pensionary. The defeats of Blen- heim (1704), Ramillies (1706), and Turin (1706), with their results, compelled Louis XIV. to open negotiations. He made overtures to Hol- land ; but Heinsius answered that the Holland- ers were inseparably bound to their allies, and exacted as a preliminary condition the recog- nition of the right of the house of Austria to the Spanish succession. To this France refused to accede ; the war was continued disastrously for her, and in 1709 her renewed application met with the same response. Louis XIV. now consented to treat on this basis, and negotia- tions were commenced ; but the allies demand- ing still greater sacrifices, he renewed the war, and after the defeat of Malplaquet (1709) con- ferences were again opened at the castle of Gertruidenberg and continued unsuccessfully for four months, Heinsius obstinately adhering to his terms. France, everywhere beaten, was in great danger when, in 1711, Queen Anne of England secretly offered peace to Louis XIV. The congress of Utrecht, opened in January, 1712, resulted in England's ceasing hostilities; but Prince Eugene, the Hanoverians, and the Dutch persevered in the war, and took Le Quesnoy, July 4. The defeat of the allies at Denain (July 24) changed the whole state of the war. In a few days several important places were recaptured by the French, and armistices were separately concluded with England and Portugal. Notwithstanding these reverses, Heinsius did all in his power to pre- vent a general peace. In spite of his efforts, one was agreed upon and signed at Utrecht, April 11. 1713, but the signature of Heinsius was the last affixed. He died seven years later, while vigorous in mind and body. HEINSIUS. I. Daniel, a Dutch philologist, born in Ghent, June 9, 1580, died in Leyden, Feb. 25, 1655. He was educated at the uni- versity of Leyden, where in his 25th year he succeeded Joseph Scaliger as professor of poli- tics and history. In 1618 he acted as secretary to the synod of.Dort. He edited the principal Greek and Latin classics, and wrote two Lathi tragedies entitled Auriacus and Herodes Infan- ticida ; Exer citation es Sacra ad N. T. Libros (Leyden, 1639, and Cambridge, 1640) ; a poem in four books styled De Contemptu Mortis; and various other valuable works. II. Nieo- laus, a Dutch poet, son of the preceding, born in Leyden, July 29, 1620, died at the Hague, Oct. 7, 1681. He was educated at the univ< sity of his native city. In 1649 he went to Sweden at the invitation of Queen Christim and settled at Stockholm, where he remain* till his father's death in 1655. His latter days were unhappy, and passed for the most part in his native land. He was the author of Latii poems, the graceful style of which gained fo him the appellation " swan of Holland." HEIR (Lat. hceres), in law, one entitled descent and right of blood to lands, tenements, or other hereditaments. There are two ways in law in which the title to real estate may pass, by purchase and by descent. It is said to be by purchase when it is transferred by the owner by any species of gift, grant, or convey- ance, to take effect either in his lifetime or by