Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/551

 HAXTHAUSEN ethereal pencil. And his face was as mobile and rapid in its changes of expression as is the face of a young girl. His lip and cheek herald- ed the word before it was spoken. His eyes would darken visibly under the touch of a passing emotion, like the waters of a fountain ruffled by the breeze of summer. So, too, he was the shyest of men. The claims and cour- tesies of social life were terrible to him. The thought of making a call would keep him awake in his bed. At breakfast, he could not lay a piece of butter upon a lady's plate with- out a little trembling of the hand this is a fact, and not a phrase. He was so shy that in the presence of two intimate friends he would be less easy and free-spoken than in that of only le." H. Sophia Peabody, an American author- wife of the preceding, born in Salem, Mass., 1810, died in London, England, Feb. 26, 1871. was married to Hawthorne in 1843, having le his acquaintance by illustrating one of his Twice-told Tales," " The Gentle Boy." She considerable artistic talent, and after the iath of her husband devoted herself to edit- _ his " Note Books." In 1868 she published Volume of her own observations entitled 'Notes in England and Italy." She was siding in England with her two daughters rhen she died. III. Julian, an American au- 5r, son of the preceding, born in Boston, me 22, 1846. He went to Europe with the st of the family in 1853, and remained there 11 1860, when he came home to Concord, lere he went to school for three years, his previous education having been entirely do- tic. In 1863 he entered Harvard college, the class which graduated in 1867; but his ttendance was very irregular, and he did not luate. In 1868 he entered the scientific 100! of the university, but gave more atten- m to rowing and other muscular exercises lan to his studies. He rowed in the college fcta in the summer of that year, and in the itumn went to Dresden in Germany, where resided nearly two years, studying engineer- He came to New York in 1870, and was iployed till 1872 as an engineer in the de- irtment of docks. In November, 1870, he fied an American lady of German descent, rhose acquaintance he had made in Dresden. 1871 he began to write stories and sketches )r the magazines, and in 1873 published in id on and New York a novel entitled " Bres- it." In 1872 he went with his family to )resden, where he now (1874) resides. HAXTHAUSEN, Franz Ludwig Marie Angnst, bar- i, a German author, born near Paderborn, r eb. 3, 1792, died in Hanover, Dec. 31, 1866. e was a wealthy land owner, served in the
 * my, studied at Gottingen, and travelled ex-

isively, especially in Russia. His works in- lude Die Agrarverfassung und ihre Conflicte rlin, 1829) ; Die landlicJie Verfassung der nz Preussen (Konigsberg, 1838) ; Stu- uber die innern Zustande, das VolTcsleben id insbesondere die landlicJien EinricJitungen HAY COLD 537 Emslands (3 vols., Hanover, 1847-'52), a book which attracted great attention in Russia; Tramkaukasia (2 vols., Leipsic, 1856); Das constitutionelle Princip (French and German, 2 vols., 1865); and Die landlicJie Verfassunq Russlands (1866). HAY, John, an American author, born in Salem, 111., Oct. 8, 1839. He was educated at Brown university, studied law at Springfield, 111., and had just been admitted to the bar when he received the appointment of private secretary to President Lincoln (1861). He re- mained with the president almost constantly until his assassination in 1865, but served as a staff officer for several months in the field du- ring the civil war. In 1865 he was appointed secretary of legation at Paris, where he re- mained till 1867, when he was transferred to Vienna. Here he was for some time charge 1 d'affaires ; and in 1868 he was again transferred to Madrid as secretary. In 1870 he returned to America, and became attached to the staff of the "New York Tribune." He has writ- ten "Pike County Ballads" and "Castilian Days," both published at Boston in 1871. HAY COLD, Hay Asthma, or Hay Fever, an affection first described by Dr. John Bostock in 1819, under the name catarrhus astivus. The local symptoms denote subacute inflamma- tion of the nostrils (coryza), and of the bron- chial mucous membrane (bronchitis), together with irritability of the eyes, and, in a certain proportion of cases, bronchial spasm or asthma. More or less fever and other evidences of con- stitutional disturbance accompany the affec- tion. The foregoing names imply that the cause is contained in emanations from hay. Observations show that fresh or newly mown hay causes the affection in some persons ; but this expression of the causation is not suffi- ciently comprehensive, as other emanations from the vegetable kingdom give rise to it. The special cause or causes contained therein have not as yet been ascertained. It is prob- able that different persons are affected by the products of different kinds of vegetation, dif- fused in the atmosphere. The peculiar sus- ceptibility to their influence is inherent in the system ; that is, it is an idiosyncrasy ; and this idiosyncrasy is manifested only during the sum- mer or autumnal months. In some cases the affection occurs in successive years precisely at the same period, and has a uniform dura- tion. It rarely if ever persists or is developed after the occurrence of black frosts. It ap- pears to be unknown in the southern states and in the northern regions of Canada. It is never developed on the sea ; and persons suf- fering from it find instant and complete relief after the first 12 or 24 hours of a sea voyage. Relief is also obtained in situations where there is little or no vegetation. These facts render it certain that the cause is contained in tho atmosphere, and that it is of vegetable origin. The affection has been elaborately studied by Dr. Morrill Wyman, author of a work entitled