Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/40

 M GLENGARRY Sept. 20, 1415. His father was Gryffydd Vy- chan, and his mother, Elena, was granddaugh- ter if Llewellyn, the last Welsh prince of Wales He studied law at the inns of court in London and became a barrister, but soon quit- ted the profession for that of arms. He was made squire of the body to Richard II., to whom ho !ulhTed throughout his disastrous In 1387 he was knighted, and at an early ago married Margaret, daughter of Sir David llanmer. After the deposition of Rich- ard II., he retired to his lordship of Glen- dwrdwy in Wales. His retirement was wrong- fully construed into disloyalty to the new king Henry IV., and his estates were declared for- feited, and seized by Lord Grey de Ruthyn, an Anglo-Norman nobleman whose domains ad- join. d those of Glendower. Glendower then proclaimed himself prince of Wales, and called his countrymen to arms. The Welsh bards espoused the cause of Glendower, and he was soon at the head of a considerable force of en- thusiastic partisans. In the summer of 1400 he seized the estates of Lord Grey. That noble- man in reprisal, with the help of Lord Talbot, who had been sent to his assistance by the king, surprised the residence of Glendower, who narrowly escaped capture. Rallying his followers, he pillaged and burned the town of Ruthyn, and made such progress that the king in person took the field against him. A long contest ensued, in the course of which Glen- dower in 1402 made prisoner his old enemy Lord Grey, whom he compelled to pay a ran- som of 10,000 marks and to marry his fourth daughter, Jane ; he also captured Sir Edward Mortimer, but treated him with such kindness that he became Glendower's partisan, and ar- ranged for him an alliance with the Percys of Northumberland. The confederates agreed to divide the kingdom among themselves. Glen- dower then called together the estates of Wales, and was formally crowned prince at Machynlleth. In 1403 the confederates gave battle to Henry near Shrewsbury, and were de- feated, Percy being killed. Glendower in 1404 entered into alliance with France, and gained some victories; but in March, 1405, he was defeated at Grosmont castle and at Mynydd pwl Melyn, losing 2,300 men. He wandered about, hiding himself in woods and caves, until the French king sent him 12,000 men, to whom Glendower joined 11,000 Welsh, and marching into England, penetrated as far as Worcester. But after several indecisive engagements the allies retreated into Wales, and shortly after- ward the French returned to their own coun- I'or some years Glendower waged a par- tisan and predatory war, and at the time of his l.-.ith was negotiating with Sir Gilbert Talbot, who had been sent by Henry V. to offer him til followers a free pardon. Glendower had five daughters and several sons, most or Jill of whom t'.-il in kittl,- iti 1400. umctKKY. mi K. county of Ontario, Cana- da, bordering on Quebec and the river St. Law- GLOBE rence: area, 462 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 20,524, of whom 15,899 were of Scotch, 2,607 of French, 1 279 of Irish, and 509 of English origin. It is watered by several streams, and is intersected by the Grand Trunk and the Montreal and Ot- tawa Junction railroads. Capital, Alexandria. GLEN'S FALLS, a village of Warren co., New York, situated on the Hudson river, which is here crossed by a bridge, at the terminus of a branch of the Rensselaer and Saratoga railroad, 46 m. N. of Albany ; pop. in 1870, 4,500. The surrounding country is rugged, and in the vi- cinity are quarries of black marble. The river, here flowing through a ravine, descends 50 ft. over a rocky precipice 900 ft. long. The vil- lage is connected by a feeder with the Cham- plain canal, and contains a planing mill, two saw mills, a tannery, a brewery, a flour mill, a foundery and machine shop, and manufactories of carriages, lime, pumps, &c. Elmwood semi- nary, for the superior instruction of females, and Glen's Falls academy are flourishing insti- tutions. There are two national banks, two weekly newspapers, and six churches. GLIDDON, George Robins, an American Egyp- tologist, born in Devonshire, England, in 1809, died in Panama, Nov. 16, 1857. He went at an early age to Alexandria, where his father was a merchant and also United States con- sul. He resided in Egypt 23 years, and was during part of the time United States vice con- sul at Cairo. After leaving Egypt he came to the United States, and lectured at Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, on Egyptian antiqui- ties. At the time of his death he was agent for the Honduras inter-oceanic railway com- pany. He was the author of " Appeal to the Antiquaries of Europe on the Destruction of the Monuments of Egypt " (1841) ; " Discourses on Egyptian Archaeology" (London, 1841); " Otia jftgyptiaca " (1849) ; " Ancient Egypt " (4to, London and Philadelphia, 1850; new ed., 8vo, London, 1853) ; " Types of Mankind," written in conjunction with Dr. J. C. Nott and others (Philadelphia, 1 854) ; " Indigenous Races of the Earth," also with Dr. Nott and others (Philadelphia, 1857) ; and an essay on the pro- duction of cotton in the valley of the Nile. GLOBE, Artificial, a hollow sphere, on the sur- face of which is delineated a map of the earth or heavens, with the various circles to which points are referred to determine their positions. Globes are thus of two sorts, terrestrial and celestial. They serve as models to impart cor- rect ideas of the form and movements of the earth and of the heavenly bodies, of their po- sition in relation to each other at different times, of the relative positions of places upon the earth, and of the principle of designating these by lines of latitude and longitude. Globes are also applied to the mechanical solution of various astronomical problems, as the difference of time in different places, dependent on the position of the sun in relation to those places, the times of the rising and setting of the sun at any place, and many other similar questions,