Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/292

 278 GUALEYGUAYCHU centre of the province of Entre-Rios, flows S. and S. W., unites with the Pabon, and falls into the Parana, after a course of about 150 m. It is navigable by schooners to the town of Gualeyguay, 40 m. from its mouth. II. A town on the left bank of the river, 120 m. N. by W. of Buenos Ay res ; pop. about 8,000. It is in the midst of an extensive sheep and cattle district, is growing rapidly, and has an active trade in hides, wool, timber, and firewood. GUALEYGUAYCIlC, a city of the Argentine Republic, on the right bank of the Gualey- guaychu river, in the province of Entre-Rios, 120 m. N". of Buenos Ayres ; pop. about 25,000 (in 1849, 7,000). The streets are wide, regular, and kept in good order, and the town is well built. In the surrounding country im- mense numbers of cattle and sheep are reared ; there are many salting establishments in the vicinity, and there is a large trade in jerked beef, hides, wool, tallow, bone manure, and other animal products. Gualeyguaychu. is the entrepot for all the export trade from the eastern portion of the province. GUAM. See GUAIIAN. GUAMANGA. See AYACUOHO. GUAN, a gallinaceous bird, of the family cra- cidfe or curassows, and subfamily penelopince ; it includes the genera ortalida, penelope, and oreophasis, the first two South American, and the last peculiar to Central America. (For the family characters, see CUEASSOW.) In the genus penelope (Merrem) the bill is shorter than the head, broad at the base, arched at the tip ; wings short and rounded, with the fourth to the sixth quills the longest, and the first series arched and narrowed at the ends ; tail long, very broad, and rounded at the end; tarsi rather Crested (Juan (Penelope crtstata). slender, as long as the middle toe ; hind toe long and on the same plane with the others ; claws short and curved ; the sides of the head and front of the throat naked and wattled, the latter capable of inflation. The crested guan (P. cristata, Linn.) is the largest, measuring GUANACASTE from 2 to 2 ft. in length ; the color is a shi- ning reddish green, with rump and belly chest- nut, neck and chest white spotted ; naked tem- ples violet, and the throat and feet red ; the female is of a more reddish tint, with the crest, neck, and mantle bordered with white. Sev- eral other species are described, all inhabit- ing the central portion of South America. Though the guans have most of the habits of the curassows, they are far less gregarious; they are more noisy and restless, and have two broods in a year, about January and June ; the nests are built in trees. They are mild and peaceable, easily domesticated, breeding in cap- tivity. They are heavy fliers, but rapid run- ners, keeping their wings unfolded. The par- raqua guans (ortalida, Merrem) have the head and throat covered with feathers, or with very slight bare spaces on the cheeks and throat; the bill is higher and more pheasant-like than in the penelope. The best known species (0. katraca, Bodd.) is about 20 in. long, bronze- colored above, whitish beneath, and reddish on the head ; they prefer woods near the seacoast, and are fond of cultivated fields ; the voice is loud and disagreeable, resembling the utter- ance of their specific name ; they are found only in the warm regions of South America. A curious and handsome bird of this family is the orcophasis DerManus (Gray), from Guate- mala. The base of the bill is covered with velvety black down ; the space above the eye is naked, and the forehead is surmounted by a broad, rounded, truncated red knob ; there is a small bare space on the throat. The general color above is greenish black ; below whitish, with longitudinal blackish dashes; white band on the middle of the long and rounded tail ; bill, legs, and bare spaces red. GUANABACOA, a town of Cuba, on a bay of the same name, 2 m. E. by S. of Havana ; pop. about 7,000. The streets are wide and regu- lar, and the houses remarkably well built, many of them being very handsome. It has a church, two convents, a theatre, philharmonic society, schools and academies for both sexes, and several hospitals. It is rendered espe- cially attractive by its sea baths, which are frequented by the wealthy Ilavanese. Many Havana merchants reside here. It communi- cates with Havana by rail. GUANACACHE, a lake of the Argentine Re- public, in the province of San Juan, lat. 31 50' S., Ion. 68 40' W. Its length is about 40 m., and mean breadth 14 m. ; it is fed by the Mendoza, San Juan, and other rivers, and sends its waters through the Cruces and Lake Silverio to the large lake El Bebedero on the confines of the provinces of San Luis and Mendoza. GUANACASTE, a province of Central America, lying between Lake Nicaragua and the bay of Nicoya, and comprising a broken country, thinly populated, and only adapted for grazing. During the dominance of the Spanish crown it was under the political and ecclesiastical juris-