Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VIII.djvu/288

 GRUNDY GRUNDY, Felii, an American statesman, born in Berkeley co., Va., Sept. 11, 1777, died in Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 19, 1840. He was edu- cated for a physician, but studied law, was ad- mitted to practice in 1798, and soon acquired reputation as an advocate. In 1799 he was a member of the convention to revise the consti- tution of the state, and was elected to the legislature, and in 1806 was appointed one of the judges of the supreme court of errors and appeals. Soon afterward he was appointed chief justice of Kentucky, which office he re- signed in 1808, and removed to Nashville, Tenn., where he soon ranked as the head of the Tennessee bar. He was elected to congress in 1811, and efficiently supported Madison in the war with Great Britain. He was reflected in 1813, but declined to be a candidate in 1815. In 1829, and again in 1833, he was elected a senator of the United States, and was among the most prominent supporters of President Jackson. In 1838 Van Buren appointed him attorney general of the United States. In 1840 he resigned, and was reflected to the senate, but died before taking his seat. GRINER, Wilhelm Heinrlch Ludwig, a German engraver, born in Dresden, Feb. 24, 1801. He studied in Italy, Spain, France, and England. His first effort, an engraving of a Spanish shep- herd, after Velasquez, was followed by a por- trait of Mengs, and engravings of Madonnas af- ter Raphael, and of the paintings of Giulio de' Medici and Moses by Murillo. In Rome he published in 1839 a series of engravings, under the title Imosaici della capella Chigi^ and soon afterward he copied the frescoes in the hall of Heliodorus. For the Berlin museum he pre- pared, at the request of the king of Prussia, a series of engravings after the cartoons of Ra- phael at Hampton Court. A disease of the eyes preventing him from working with the burin, he executed many frescoes by order of Prince Albert, and published " Fresco Decora- tions and Stuccoes," &c. (London, 1844), and "Decorations of the Garden Pavilion in the Grounds of Buckingham Palace" (1846), ac- companied with a text by Mrs. Jameson. Re- suming his labors as an engraver, in 1848 he published " Ornamental Designs for Decorators and Manufacturers," and in 1850 "Specimens of Ornamental Art." He took a part in the decoration of the London crystal palace and in the illustration of Layard's " Nineveh." His " Raphael Caryatides from the Vatican " ap- peared in 1852. Between 1854 and 1856 he superintended the decoration of the new wing of Buckingham palace and of Osborn castle. In 1858 he became director of the society of engravers at Dresden, and professor of engra- ving at the academy in that place. About the same time he published "The Bass Reliefs on the Facade of the Cathedral at Orvieto." GRUTLI, or Itiitli. a locality of Switzerland, in the canton of Uri, 5 m. S. W. of Schwytz, consisting only of a small space occupied by a meadow with a few cottages and walnut and GUACHARO chestnut trees, but celebrated as the cradle of Swiss liberty, and as the spot where Stauffa- cher, Walther Furst, and Arnold of Melchthal met, according to tradition, during the night of Nov. 7-8, 1307, with 30 followers, and formed a Swiss league against Austrian tyranny. It is at the N. E. declivity of the Seelisberger or Niederbauer Kulm, a mountain about 6,000 ft. high, near the watering place of Seelisberg, on the lake of Lucerne, and is easily acces- sible by boats from steamers plying between Lucerne and Fluelen. About 1 m. N. of it is the Mythenstein, a lofty rock on which is the inscription Dem Sdnger Tells, Friedrich Schiller, die Urcantone, 1860. Tell's chapel is 3 m. from Grutli. The land became national property in 1858, having been purchased by the Swiss patriotic association for 55,000 francs. GRUYERE, or Grnyeres (Ger. Greyerz), a vil- lage of Switzerland, in the canton and 15 m. S. by W. of the city of Fribourg ; pop. about 1,000. It stands on a hill crowned by an ancient and very perfect feudal castle, and gives name to a celebrated kind of cheese. (See CHEESE, vol. iv., p. 352.) GRYPHIUS, Andreas, a German poet, born at Glogau, Silesia, Oct. 11, 1616, died there, July 16, 1664. He studied at Dantzic and Leyden, travelled in France and Italy, and spent the last part of his life as syndic of Glogau. His tragedies are stilted imitations of the Greek and Latin dramas, but his comedies have much merit, and a new edition of some of them appeared in 1855. He also wrote a Latin re- ligious epic, Olwetum. His select poems are contained in W. Muller's collection of German poets of the 17th century (2 vols., Leipsic, 1822). GUACHARO, a fissirostral bird of the family caprimulgidce or goatsuckers, subfamily stea- tornince or oil birds, and genus steatornis (Humboldt). There is only one described spe- Guacharo Bird (Steatornis Caripensis). cies, the S. Caripensis (Humb.) ; it is noctur- nal, living in great numbers in the cave of Gua- charo in Venezuela, described by Humboldt. The family and genus are treated in the article GOATSUCKER. The bird is about the size of the common fowl, with a curved and toothed