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 96 GOLTZ examining the coasts of Karatchatka and Rus- sian America. In May, 1811, he sailed from lVtr..i.-iv!.)vsk in Kamtchatka to make a sur- vey of the southern Kurile islands and the coast of Tartary. In 1803 a Russian ambassador named Resanoff had endeavored to open an intercourse with Japan, but had been repulsed, as he thought, with insult. In retaliation the ship of war which conveyed him to and from Japan plundered and burned a number of Jap- anese villages on the Kurile islands. These, outrages excited the indignation of the Japa- nese, and when Golovnin with his vessel appear- ed in their waters, he was fired at and peremp- torily ordered away. Being in want of water and provisions, he persisted in landing, and finally went on shore, July 11, with two officers, four seamen, and a Kurile interpreter, on the island of Kunashir. The Japanese received him apparently in a friendly manner, but having enticed him and his companions into a castle garrisoned by 300 or 400 soldiers, they seized the Russians and hurried them over to the large island of Yesso. They were removed thence to Hakodadi, and in September to Matsmai, the capital of Yesso, where they were kept in cages in a prison erected for them, and sub- jected to a continual cross-examination which was very annoying. After several months they escaped, wandered for a number of days in the forests, and were recaptured. Finally, after an imprisonment of 26 months and 26 days, Golovnin and the other Russians were given up in November, 1813. Golovnin reach- ed St. Petersburg July 14, 1814, after an ab- sence of seven years, was promoted, and re- ceived a pension. He was afterward sent on an exploring expedition around the world in command of the sloop of war Kamtchatka, from which he returned in 1819, and of which he published a narrative (2 vols. 4to, St. Pe- tersburg, 1822). He wrote in Russian " Obser- vations upon the Empire of Japan " (2 vols. 8vo, 1816), and an account of his adventures among the Japanese, both of which works have been translated into English under the title of " Me- moirs of a Captivity in Japan during the years 1811, '12, and '13, with Observations on the Country and the People" (2d ed., 3 vols. 8vo, London, 1824). At the time of his death he was vice admiral and general superintendent of tin- Russian navy. Golovnin was an accu- rate observer, and his narrative is one of the most interesting of the works upon Japan. He wrote also a book containing narratives of ship- wrecks and disasters at sea, which appeared in a complete edition of his works published by his son (5 vols., 1864). GOLTZ, Bogumil, a (ierman author, born in Warsaw, March 20, 1801, died in Thorn, Nov. 1 1. 1 ^7i. lie was of German parentage, studied _'vmii;isiimi ot' Konigsberg and at the f Breslau, and engaged in scientific 'tu iv. This proving unsuccessful, he de- li inisrlf from 1830 to literary pursuits settling at Thorn in 1847. His works include GONAIVES Der MenscJi und die Leute (Berlin, 1858) ; Die Deutschen (3 vols., 1860) ; Feigeribldtter (3 vols., 1861-'2) ; Zur Charakteri&tik und Naturge- schichte der Frauen (2d ed., 1863) ; Typen der Geselhchaft (3d ed., 1864) ; Die Bildung und die Gebildeten (2 vols., 1864) ; Vorlemngen (2 vols., 1869) ; and Die WeltklugJieit und Le- Ibensweisheit mit ihren correspondirenden Stu- dien (2 vols., 1869). GOMBO. See GUMBO. GOMER, the first named and probably the eldest of the seven sons of Japheth (Gen. x. 2, 3). In Ezek. xxxviii. 6, Gomer designates a people who are named in connection with Gog and Magog, apparently belonging to the Scy- thian family. This people is identified with the ancient Cimmerii, and by some also with the Cimbri and the more modern Celts. The latter view finds an early support in Josephus, who renders Gomer by Galatai, that is, Gauls or Celts. (See CIMBRI, and CIMMERII.) GOMEZ, Estevan, a Portuguese explorer, born in the latter part of the 15th century, died in Toledo in October, 1525. He accompanied Ma- gellan on his celebrated voyage in 1519, as pilot of the ship San Antonio. When the fleet entered the strait which now bears Magellan's name, the San Antonio was sent to explore a channel further south. Gomez, who was dissatisfied with his position, induced the crew to mutiny, and putting the captain in irons returned with the ship to Spain, where he arrived in March, 1521. After a short detention for this act, he was set at liberty, and in 1524 sailed from Co- runna to search for a northwest passage to the Moluccas. He struck the American coast at New York bay, made out the direction of the Hudson river, and ran north as far as the Pe- nobscot. Contrary to the royal orders, he car- ried off some of the natives as slaves, probably from tb.B Kennebec, and returned to Spain, where esclavos (slaves) being mistaken for cla- ws (cloves), it was reported to the king that Gomezjiad actually reached the Spice islands. GO wilt, a N. county of Hungary, bordering on the counties of Lipto, Zips, Torna, Borsod, Heves, N6grad, and Zolyom ; area, 547 sq. m. ; pop. in 1869, 103,639, chiefly Magyars and Slovaks, the majority of whom are Protestants. The surface is mostly mountainous, branches of the Carpathians extending into the county. It is traversed in all directions by navigable rivers, the most important of which are the Gran, the Rima, and the Sajo. The chief occu- pations are mining and cattle breeding. Cap- ital, Rima-Szombath ; largest town, Rosenati. GOMORRAH, one of the five cities of the plain or valley of Siddim, destroyed on ac- count of the wickedness of its inhabitants. (See DEAD SEA.) GONAIVES, a seaport town of Hayti, on the W. shore of a bay of the same name, 67 m. N. by W. of Port-au-Prince ; pop. about 4,000. The streets are wide, but irregular ; the houses badly constructed, and destitute of shade ; and the church and military and naval hospitals are