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 GARNIER GARRETT fees (41 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1785) and Voyages imaginaires, songes, visions et romans merveil- leux (39 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1787). GARNIER, Jean Louis Charles, a French archi- tect, born in Paris, Nov. 6, 1825. He entered the school of fine arts in 1842, and studied under MM. L6veil and Hippolyte Lebas. He took the grand prize in 1848, and continued his studies in Italy and Greece. In 1859, his designs having been twice preferred in compe- tition with the most distinguished architects in France, he was appointed architect of the new opera house in Paris. He has published a volume of miscellanies entitled X tracers les arts (1869). GARNIEK-PAGES, Louis Antoine, a French poli- tician, born in Marseilles, July 18, 1803. "While employed as a merchandise broker in Paris he found time to attend the sittings of the secret associations which aided in the rev- olution of July, 1830, and in which his elder brother fitienne Joseph Louis (1801 -'41) acted an important part. In 1842 he was elected to the chamber of deputies, and became at once one of the stanchest members of the opposi- tion, and in 1847 was one of the most active promoters of the reform agitation. He was conspicuous among those who in February, 1848, appeared at the banquet of Paris, in spite of the prohibition of .the government. On Feb. 24 he was appointed a member of the provisional government, then mayor of Paris, and on March 5 he succeeded M. Goudchaux as minister of finance. He decreed as such the unpopular additional tax of 45 centimes, which greatly contributed toward the over- throw of the republic. As a member of the constituent assembly, he submitted a remark- able report on the financial situation, and in May left the finance department to enter the executive commission of five appointed 'by the assembly. On the insurrection of June this commission had to resign its power to Gen. Cavaignac; and Gamier-Pages, after the expiration of his term as deputy, rendered unpopular by the tax of 45 centimes, was not reelected. The democratic party nominated him again in 1857, but he was defeated by Emile Ollivier. In 1864 he became a member of the corps legislatif, and devoted his labors specially to questions of finance and foreign relations. At the downfall of the empire in 1870 he was one of the deputies sent to the h6tel de ville, and was installed a member of the government of national defence. At the elec- tions of Feb. 8, 1871, he failed to gain a seat, and retired to private life. He has published Un episode de la revolution de 1848, Vimpot des 45 centimes (1850) ; Histoire de la revolu- tion de 1848 (8 vols. 8vo, 1860-'62) ; a contin- uation, entitled IS Histoire de la commission executive (Paris, 1869) ; and in December, 1873, the completion of the work. GARONNE (anc. Garumna), a river of S. France, which derives its name from its two head streams, the Gar, which rises in the Spanish valley of Aran, and the Onne, which descends from the glaciers of A6 in the Pyre- nees. Flowing N. W., it enters France at a place called Pont-du-Roi, in the department of Haute-Garonne. It runs thence N. E. to Toulouse, whence it flows generally N. W. It passes the towns of St. Beat, Montrejeau, St. Martory, Caz&res (where it becomes navi- gable), Carbonne, Muret, Toulouse, Verdun, Agen, Marmande, and Bordeaux, a few miles below which it is joined by the Dordogne and forms the estuary or river known as the Gi- ronde. Its chief affluents on the right bank are the Ariege, Tarn, and Lot; on the left, the Save, Gimone, Gers, Baise, and Ciron. Its length, including the Gironde, is about 360 m., of which 260 are navigable ; but inclu- ding its feeders, which communicate with 12 departments, the total river navigation of its basin is about 1,000 m. Large vessels ascend to Bordeaux, where it forms a large basin. At Toulouse it is joined by the canal du Mi- di, by means of which and by this river the Mediterranean is connected with the bay of Biscay. The basin of the Garonne includes a tract of country about 185 m. in average length and breadth. The upper part of its course lies through narrow defiles and is much obstructed; from Toulouse it is broad but shallow, and navigation is more or less impeded by the debris which it brings down as far as Marmande, about 50 m. above Bor- deaux. Its banks are fertile and picturesque. GARONNE, Haute. See HAUTE-GAKONNE. GARRARI), a central county of Kentucky, bounded N. by the Kentucky river and W. by Dick's river; area, 250 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 10,376, of whom 3,404 were colored. It has a hilly or rolling surface, and a fertile soil. The chief productions in 1870 were 83,830 bushels of wheat, 25,207 of rye, 578,887 of Indian corn, 84,456 of oats, 86,842 Ibs. of butter, and 32,115 of tobacco. There were 3,135 horses, 1,442 mules and asses, 7,605 cattle, 4,410 sheep, and 16,513 swine; 6 carriage factories, and 4 distilleries. Capital, Lancaster. GARRETT, the W. county of Maryland, bor- dering on Pennsylvania and West Virginia, from which it is separated on the S. by the Potomac river, formed in 1872 from Allegc^ny co. ; area, 690 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 10,857. It is watered by the Youghiogheny and afflu- ents of the Potomac. The surface is very mountainous, and is covered with extensive forests. Bituminous coal, iron ore, limestone suitable for the manufacture of cement, and fire-brick clay abound. The high glade lands are suitable for pasture, and are productive of hay, grain, and potatoes. The county is traversed by the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. Capital, Oakland. GARRETT, Elizabeth, an English physician, born in London in 1837. She began to study medicine at Middlesex hospital in 1860, and after perfecting her knowledge at St. Andrew's, Edinburgh, and the London hospital, she re-