Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume VI.djvu/62

 DEUEL MKl KL, .m E. enmity of Dakota, bordering ,,n Minn. about <'~>0 sq. m. ; pop. in It- surface is broken by the Coteau des 1'rairies, MIK! it is watered by several lakes tluents <>t' tlu- Big Sioux and Minne- IMTKKOOMY ((Jr. tevrepovdfuov, the repe- tition of tho law, from fobrepof, second, and vrfuof, law), the nth book of the Pentateuch, i.-iininir tho history of what passed in the wilderness during about five weeks (from the inning of the llth month to the 7th day he I'-'th month), in the 40th year after the departure of the Israelites from Egypt. It recites to the people the events which had taken place in their history, and explains again t h e 1 a v w h i h had been received at Sinai . Ac- cording to the old traditional view, this book, like the four preceding books of the Penta- h, was written by Moses, with the excep- tion of ch. xxxiv. (the last), which gives an ac- count of the death of Moses, and is supposed to have been written by the author of the book of ^hua, to serve as a point of transition to the latter book. Among the recent defenders of the authorship of Moses are Hengstenberg, Havernick, Delitzsch, Keil, and Moses Stuart. According to Ewald and Kiehm, the book was written under Manasseh ; according to Bunsen, under Hezekiah ; according to De Wette and Lengerkc, under Josiah. Ewald is of opinion that it was written by a Jew living in Egypt ; according to Gesenius and Bohlen, it was the work of the prophet Jeremiah. DKITZ (Lat. Tuitium), an old town and fortress of Prussia, in the province of the Rhine, on the right bank of the Rhine, oppo- Cologne, with which it is connected by an iron bridge; pop. in 1871, 11,881. Among its finest buildings are the ancient church of St. Hcrihert, the new Protestant church, an4 the cavalry barracks. It has manufactories of vel- vet, ribbons, glass and china ware, chemicals and machines, and an iron foundery. It has a good harbor, and a new impulse has been given to t lie trade of the town by the Cologne and Minden railway, which begins here. The for- titicati<>nH were razed after the peace of Nime- guen in 1678, but were rebuilt in 1816, and have recently been enlarged. The town dates ri^'iii from a oastlo built here in the 4th ury hy Constantine the (ireat. lKl I'OM>. B, /WKIHl'.iVKKX. I ' I . t DEMONOLOO Y. MVnnB, a fortified rity of Holland, in tho I in-e of < veryssel, on the ri-rht bank of the (suel, 8 m. N. of Zutphen; pop. in 1868, 18,- narrow streets, spacious market .md-i.iiH- public, promenades, a large
 * i iirt house, a prison, a wei-h-

ral churehes a synairoirue, and national, and benevolent in-titiition-. h has an excellent harbor, a [.rosp.-rou- trade, and extensive manufactories of TurUy carpets. tfodkingB, iron ware, &c.
 * mally about ;<M i.OOO Ibs. of butter

DEVIL and 350,000 De venter cakes, for which it is celebrated. It was one of the Hanse towns, and in the 16th century ranked next after Amsterdam among the cities of the northern Netherlands. DE VERB, Maximilian Sehele, an American author, born near Wexio, in Sweden, Nov. 1, 1820. He entered the military and afterward the diplomatic service of Prussia, but emigrated to the United States, and in 1844 was appointed professor of modern languages in the univer- sity of Virginia. Besides frequent contribu- tions to periodicals, he has published "Outlines of Comparative Philology " (1853), " Stray Leaves from the Book of Nature" (1856), " Studies of our English " (1867), "First French Reader" (1867), "Grammar of the French Language" (1867), "The Great Empress," a novel (1869), "Wonders of the Deep" (1869), " Introduction to the Study of French " (1870), "Americanisms" (1871), and "The English of the New World" (1873). He has translated into English Spielhagen's "Problematic Char- acters" (1869), "Through Night to Light" (1869), and "The Hohensteins" (1870). DEYEKEl'X. See ESSEX, EARL OF. DEVIL, The (Gr. dm/Mof, the calumniator), in Christian theology, the sovereign spirit of evil. In the very earliest ages there appears to have been no distinct conception of any single spirit who was the embodiment of the evil principle. None of the divinities of the an- cient Hindoos were supposed to exert a whol- ly bad influence. Their power was sometimes manifested for good, and sometimes for evil. In the post-Vcdic period, though Siva the destroyer was one of the three great powers of nature, the exertion of his power was not necessarily evil. Kali, Siva's wife, and the Rakshasas, who were hostile to everything good, were gods whose nature partook of evil ; but no single divinity represented in himself the evil principle. There was, however, such a divinity in the religion of ancient Persia. He was called Ahrirnan, and his power was represented as nearly equal to that of Ormuzd, the god of good, who reigned in heaven. Ah- riman created devs and archdevs to resist the spirits that ministered to Ormuzd. The prin- ciples of this religion extended in some measure to the neighboring nation of the Chaldeans. The religion of the Semitic races was in its origin monotheistic. In it good and evil were alike caused by the supreme ruler. The reli- gion of the Hebrews originally formed no ex- ception. Even the Satan of the books of Job and Zechariah (the latter at least of late au- thorship) is a dependent spirit, in the service of God. But during or after the captivity the Jews borrowed from the Chaldeans or from the Persians the notion of a spirit who was the antagonist of all that is good and the per- sonification of evil. In the gospels, written by lews, ii u. devil is represented as tempting MtOI 1.. worship him. In the Christian theol- ogy, and the literature inspired by it, the devil