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 DU PETIT-THOUARS DUPIN 321 the death of Mary Stuart he was chosen to pronounce her eulogy, in which he spoke so harshly of Queen Elizabeth that the king thought it necessary to disavow his sentiments. Toward the end of the reign of Henry III. he became the confidant of the cardinal de Bour- bon, and he has been accused of selling his secrets to Henry IV. He acquired the favor of the latter monarch, who created him in 1591 bishop of Evreux ; and he was the chief agent in inducing Henry to abandon the re- formed religion. After the taking of Paris he went to Rome and persuaded the pope to remove the interdict which had been placed upon France. In 1600 he was successful in a theological disputation, held before the court at Fontainebleau, over Duplessis-Mornay. In 1604 he was sent to Rome with the title of charg6 des affaires of France, and the same year received a cardinal's hat from Clement VIII. He contributed greatly to the election of Leo XI. in 1605, and in the same year to that of Paul V., so that French influence was retained at the papal court. For these services he was made archbishop of Sens and grand almoner to the king. The principal controver- sial works of Duperron were collected and published in Paris in 1622 (3 vols. folio). He wrote also a number of hymns, ballads, and poetical satires, a poem entitled L 1 Ombre de Vamiral de Joyeuse, and translated into French verse a portion of the ^Eneid and some of the odes of Horace. DU PETIT-THOUARS, Abel Anbert, a French naval officer, born Aug. 3, 1793, died March IT, 1864. He entered the navy in 1804, and was rapidly promoted. From 1837 to 1839 he was engaged in circumnavigating the globe as commander of the ship Venus. He was after- ward made rear admiral and put in command of the fleet in the Pacific. He proposed to his government the establishment of a protecto- rate over the Society islands ; and in 1 842, when three French Catholic missionaries were expelled from Tahiti at the instigation of the English missionaries there, he visited that isl- and, demanded reparation, and with the aid of some chiefs placed the island under a French protectorate. In the same year he established a French protectorate over the Marquesas isl- ands; and in 1843, when the English mission- ary and consul Pritchard persuaded the natives of Tahiti to rise against the French, he drove Pritchard from the island and took possession in the name of France of the whole Society group. At the demand of the English gov- ernment Du Petit-Thouars was then recalled, and on his return declined the ovations offered him by the opponents of the government. In 1846 he was made vice admiral, and in 1849 elected to the legislative assembly from the de- partment of Maine-et-Loire. He wrote Voyage autour du monde (10 vols., with 180 illustra- tions, Paris, 1840-'49). DUPIN. I. Andre Marie Jean Jacques, a French lawyer and politician, born at Varzy, Feb. 1, 1783, died Nov. 10, 1865. He was early dis- tinguished as a learned lawyer and an able speaker. A member of the chamber of depu- ties in 1815, he opposed the motion to proclaim the son of Napoleon I. emperor after his father's second abdication. The same year, in conjunc- tion with Berryer, he was appointed counsel for Marshal Ney, and, gaining great popularity by his defence, was chosen to defend many political offenders. Among his most famous speeches were those in behalf of Beranger in 1821, and of the Journal des Debats on the eve of the revolution of 1830. Having become a member of the chamber of deputies, it was in great part through his exertions in that body that the duke of Orleans secured the crown, and he became a member of Louis Philippe's first cabinet. From 1832 to 1840 he was pres- ident of the chamber of deputies, and from 1849 to 1851 of the legislative assembly. He made some show of opposition to the govern- ment of Louis Napoleon, was taken unawares by the coup d'etat of Dec. 2, but declined all participation or responsibility in the parlia- mentary resistance, and retained his office of attorney general. This, however, he resigned on the publication of the imperial decrees of 1852 confiscating the Orleans property ; in 1857 he was reinstated. His writings, mainly on legal subjects, are numerous. His ~bons mots were renowned. II. Pierre Charles Fran- ?ois, baron, brother of the preceding, born at Varzy, Oct. 6, 1784, died in Paris in January, 1873. He entered the navy as an engineer, and was actively employed in France and the Ionian islands. In 1812 a series of sci- entific papers attracted the attention of the academy of sciences. During 1814 and 1815 he evinced liberal opinions, but finally adhered to the Bourbons. In 1816 he visited Great Britain, to examine the general resources of the United Kingdom. The results of his trav- els, continued for more than four years, ap- peared in his Voyages dans la Grande Bretagne (6 vols., Paris, 1820-'24), and his Force commer- ciale de la Grande Bretagne (1826). He caused gratuitous lectures on the application of science to industry, for the benefit of workmen and artisans, to be established in the conservatoire des arts et metiers at Paris, and was appointed professor of geometry in that institution. His services were rewarded with a barony. In 1825 and 1826 he instituted a private inquiry into the intellectual and productive resources of France, the results of which he embodied in his Situation progressive de la France depuis 1814. In 1828 he was elected to the chamber of deputies. He adhered to the government of Louis Philippe, and was made a peer in 1837; but he nevertheless continued his regular course of public lectures. After the revolution of 1848 he was elected to the constituent and legislative assemblies, acted with the majority, and on the overthrow of the republic became a supporter of the imperial government. He wrote numerous works besides those mentioned,