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 198 DOMESDAY BOOK drea della Valle at Rome, " Adam and Eve," the "Martyrdom of St. Agnes," and " Diana and her Nymphs." His fresco paintings, of which the scenes from the life of the Virgin in the Duomo at Fano are the best specimens, are admirable. His landscapes, although ra- ther decorative, are uniformly good. He never wholly freed himself from the mannerism of his school, and was defective in invention; but in the free conception of nature, and in the expression of emotion, he approaches nearer Raphael and his contemporaries than any of the eclectics. Many of his works have been engraved by Raphael Morghen and others. DOMESDAY (or Doomsday) BOOR, or Book of Winchester, a register of the lands of England, framed by order of William the Conqueror. According to some historians it was begun in 1080 or 1083, according -to others at the close of 1 085 ; the book itself records its completion in 1086. Persons called the king's justiciaries Domesday Book. risited in person or by deputy the greater part of the kingdom, and obtained the required par- ticulars on oath from the sheriffs, lords of man- ors, parish priests, reeves of hundreds, bailiffs, and villeins of each vill. The record contained a list of the bishops, churches, religious houses, great men, king's manors, king's tenants in capite, and under tenants ; the particulars of the name of each place, its holder, its extent, the extent of wood, meadow, and pasture, the ponds and mills, the quantity of live stock, the value of the whole, the homages of each manor, the number of villeins, cotarii, servi, and free- men, and hnv much each freeman or socman had. Three estimates of the estates were made, viz. : as they were in the time of Edward the Confessor; as they were bestowed by William ; and as thi-y were at the time of the survey. The jurors won-, moreover, required to state whether :my advance could be made in the value. The returns of the justiciaries were sent to Winchester, and being there digested DOMICILE were entered in two volumes, which were car- ried about with the king and great seal, or de- posited in a chapel or vault of the cathedral called Domus Dei. From the last circum- stance the name Domesday is thought by some to be derived. Others ascribe it to a parallel drawn between the decisions of the book and those of the day of doom.' The first volume, called the " Great Domesday," consists of 382 folio pages closely written on vellum, and con- tains the survey of 31 counties ; the second, or "Little Domesday," is in quarto, of 450 pages, and comprises the returns from Essex, Norfolk, and Suffolk. It has also a list of " in- vasions," or lands possessed without royal au- thority. Northumberland, Cumberland, West- moreland, and Durham do not appear in the record, for which various reasons are assigned. Other counties are described, either wholly or in part, under adjacent divisions. No account is given of Winchester or of London. As a census of the population the Domesday book is of no value, but with regard to the ancient tenure of lands its authority is supreme. It names only 1,400 tenants in capite and 8,000 under tenants, and enumerates only 282,242 inhabitants. The book is now preserved in the chapter house at Westminster. A facsimile of it was published by order of government in 1783, having been ten years in passing through the press; and in 1816 the commissioners of public records published two supplementary volumes, one containing a general introduction to the survey with indexes, and the other the four similar records called the " Exon Domes- day," the Inquisitio Eliensis, the Liber Win- ton, and the "Boldon Book," or survey of Durham. The last of these was made by Bishop Hugh Pudsey in 1183 ; the Inquisitio Eliensis is of the 13th century; the others are contemporary with the Domesday book. In the exchequer office are two other large volumes under the latter title, which are mere- ly abridgments of the original register. Many interesting particulars relating to the survey are found in Kelham's "Domesday Book illus- trated " (8vo, London, 1788), and in Morgan's " England under the Norman Occupation " (1858). A facsimile of the portion of Domes- day book relating to Cornwall, produced by photozincography, was published in 1861. DOMICILE, the place where by law a man is deemed to reside. There has been much con- fusion and conflict of opinion as to what shall constitute a person's domicile, which, as will be seen, is not necessarily the same as his resi- dence. The general conclusions may be stated as follows: 1. The domicile of the parents at the time of a child's birth is the child's domi- cile, though if the child be illegitimate it takes the domicile of the mother. 2. The domicile of origin continues until a new one is acquired, and the domicile of the husband and father is presumptively that of the wife and children, though if they reside apart from him, not tem- porarily merely, but by permanent voluntary