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 DOL DOLE 185 bark is very bitter, and has medicinal proper- ties similar to Peruvian bark ; the surgeons of the confederate army found it their best dependence in the absence of quinia. It is said to contain a principle, cornine, similar to quinia ; the cornine used by the eclectics is a resinoid precipitate resulting from treating a strong tincture with water; it contains much tannic acid. The bark may be used instead of galls in the manufacture of ink; the Indiana obtained a scarlet dye from the bark of the roots. The flowering dogwood is frequently cultivated as an ornamental tree, its large flowers, which rival the whiteness of snow, affording a pleasing contrast with the deep green of the surrounding foliage. The name dogwood is improperly given in some parts of the United States to the rJius venenata, a species of poisonous sumach. DOL, a town of France, in the department of Ille-et-Vilaine, 13 m. S. E. of St. Malo ; pop. in 1866, 4,230. It contains a fine cathe- dral, and possesses considerable historical in- terest. During the middle ages it was fre- quently besieged, and passed into many differ- ent hands. In 1793 it was garrisoned by the Vendeans, and successfully resisted an attack of the republican troops. The old fortifica- tions of the town are still standing. DOLABELLA, Fabling ornclins, a Roman gen- eral, born about 70 B. 0., died in 43. He was noted for his profligacy, and is said to have committed several capital crimes in his youth which but for Cicero would have cost him his life. About 50 he put away his wife Fabia, and, notwithstanding his debauched character and the opposition of Cicero, married Tullia, the daughter of the latter. In the next year the urgent demands of his creditors compelled him to leave Rome, and he sought refuge in the camp of Caesar, to the great sorrow of Cicero. After the battle of Pbursalia, in which he took part, he returned to Rome and became a tribune. His acts led to bloody struggles between the two parties, which did not cease until Caesar's arrival in the autumn. Caesar did not think it prudent to punish him, but to get him out of the city took him with him to Africa and in his campaign against the sons of Pompey in Spain. He promised Dola- bella the consulship in 44, but Antony opposed him. The senate was to decide on the opposi- tion on March 15, when Caesar's assassination changed everything. Dolabella at once seized the consular fasces, approved of the murder, caused Caesar's altar to be thrown down, and crucified or threw from the Tarpeian rock many who were anxious to pay Caesar divine honors. His conduct pleased the republican party, and he was awarded the province of Syria. On his way thither he committed such atrocious crimes that he was outlawed by the senate and declared a public enemy. Cassius marched against him, and Dolabella, to avoid falling into his hands, was killed by one of his own soldiers by his own orders. DOLCI, or Dolce, Carlo, or Carlino, an Italian painter, born in Florence, May 25, 1616, died there, Jan. 17, 1686. His father, grandfather, and uncle were all painters, and he was placed at the age of nine with Jacopo Vignali. Under Vignali's tuition Carlo's genius developed with such remarkable rapidity that after a few years he attempted successfully a full-length figure of St. John. He next produced a figure of his mother, and the delicacy and tenderness which marked these early productions attracted much attention, and procured for him employment at home and abroad. He devoted himself almost exclusively to sacred subjects. His works are deficient in imaginative genius, but they are all distinguished by agreeable coloring, a re- markable relief produced by his skilful man- agement of chiaroscuro, a singular delicacy of composition, and a finish in which he ap- proached almost the consummate patience and industry of the great Dutch masters. The sameness of expression in most of his pictures facilitates copies and imitations, which abound all over Europe. He excelled most in small pictures, and the themes in which he was most successful are borrowed from the New Testa- ment. Among his best works are the " St. Anthony " in the Florentine gallery, the " St. Sebastian " in the palazzo Corsini, the " Four Evangelists" in the palazzo Ricardi at Flor- ence, " Christ Breaking the Bread " in the marquis of Exeter's collection at Burleigh, and " Herodias with the Head of John the Baptist " and " St. Cecilia, or the Organ Player," at Dresden. Another of his chief productions, " Christ on the Mount of Olives," belongs to the collections of the Louvre in Paris. AGNESE, one of his daughters, who married a merchant named Carlo Baci, was one of his best pupils, and the most successful copyist of his works. DOLE (anc. Dola), a town of France, depart- ment of the Jura, 28 m. S. E. of Dijon ; pop. in 1866, 11,093. It is situated on the slope and at the foot of a hill on the right bank of the river Doubs, near the canal that joins the Rhone and the Rhine. The railway from Di- jon to Besancon, which passes the town, gives it some importance as a place of transit be- tween Paris and Switzerland. It has a college, a public library of 40,000 volumes, two hospi- tals, and the ruins of a castle built in the 12th century. The principal building is the cathe- dral of Notre Dame. There are manufactures of hosiery, pottery, and chemicals, iron-smelt- ing furnaces, flour mills, tile works, tanneries, and quarries. Dole is of great antiquity, hav- ing been a considerable town under the Ro- mans, and is situated on the old road leading from Lyons to the Rhine. Some remains of this work, as well as of an ancient aqueduct and theatre, are still to be seen. It was for a time the capital of Franche-Comte and the seat of a parliament. After having been taken once or twice previously, it was captured and dismantled by the French in 1674. During the Franco-German war it was for a time the