Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume V.djvu/83

 COLLOREDO bassador to the emperor Rudolph II. by Cosmo II. de' Medici, whose successor, Ferdinand II., appointed him chief minister of state. He died in 1645. The story of his journey to the Austrian court was written in Latin by Daniel Eremita, and forms an interesting work on the 'manners of that age. HIEEONYMUS, count of Oolloredo, born in 1674, was governor of Mo- ravia from 1714 to 1717, was appointed chief marshal of the Austrian court in 1725, and died in 1726. Count RUDOLPH JOSEPH, his son, born July 6, 1706, was for 50 years vice chancellor of the German empire, and died Nov. 1, 1788. His son, JOSEPH MARIA, count of Colloredo-Mels and Waldsee, born Sept. 11, 1735, distinguished himself in the seven years' war, was appointed lieutenant field -marshal and councillor of war, and accompanied the emperor Joseph II. to France. On his return to Austria he was intrusted with the general direction of the artillery, and soon after he was made feldzeugmeister. He participated in the Turkish war, and was made field marshal and commander-in-chief of the army of ob- servation on the Prussian frontier. From 1805 to 1809 he was minister of state and conference, and director of the council of war. He died Nov. 26, 1818. Count WENZEL JOSEPH VON COLLOKEDO, born Oct. 15, 1738, brother of the preceding, participated in the seven years' war, was made lieutenant field marshal in 1784, feldzeugmeister during the Turkish war, and field marshal in 1808. He died Sept. 4, 1822. COLLOREDO-MANSFELD has been since 1771 the name of the princely branch of the house, forming a part of the Weickardt line, of which the following are to be noted : FRANZ DE PAULA GUNDACCAR, prince of Colloredo- Mansfeld, born May 28, 1731, married the coun- tess of Mansfeld, and added her name to his own. He was ambassador at Madrid from 1767 to 1771, and vice chancellor of the German em- pire from 1789 to 1806. He died Oct. 7, 1807. FERDINAND, count of Colloredo-MansfeJd, born in Vienna, July 30, 1777, was in 1801 ambas- sador at Ratisbon, in 1803 at Naples, and in 1806 at Palermo. He fought valiantly in the battles of Aspern and Wagram in 1809, and rendered valuable assistance in the organiza- tion of the landwehr. He retired to his estates in 1815, whence he issued during the revolu- tion of 1848 to take command of the academical legion. He died in the same year. HIERON- YMUS, count of Colloredo-Mansfeld, born in 1775, took part in nearly all the campaigns of his time, and distinguished himself Aug. 30, 1813, in the battle at Culm, where Russia and Austria have jointly erected a monument to his memory. At the battle of Leipsic, having previously obtained the rank of feldzeugmeis- ter, he took the chief command in place of the prince of Homburg, who had been wounded. He died in Vienna, July 23, 1822, from the effect of his wounds. FRANZ DE PAULA GUN- DACCAR, prince of Colloredo-Mansfeld, son of the preceding, born in Vienna, Nov. 8, 1802, 211 VOL. v. 6 COLMAN 79 was rapidly promoted, and commanded in 1848 as major general in Trieste and Theresienstadt. He distinguished himself in the Hungarian war at Kapolna and Comorn, and obtained the chief command of an army corps. He died May 29, 1852. JOSEPH FRANZ HIERONYMUS, prince of Colloredo-Mansfeld, cousin and heir of the preceding, was born Feb. 26, 1813. He is a hereditary member of the upper house in the Austrian diet. His eldest son, Count HIERONYMUS, born July 20, 1842, took part in the Schleswig-Holstein war of 1864, and mar- ried in 1865 the countess of Festetics-Tolna. COLLOT D'HERBOIS, Jean Marie, a French revolutionist, born in Paris about 1750, died in Cayenne, Jan. 8, 1796. His name was origi- nally Collot, but having become an actor he adopted the additional name of d'Herbois. He appeared upon the stage for many years, and was the author of a large number of plays, some of which had considerable success. When the revolution broke out he joined the Jacobins at Paris, and acquired great influence by his sonorous voice, theatrical attitudes, and impulsive elocution. He was particularly en- ergetic in his efforts to procure the release of a body of soldiers who had been imprisoned for having taken part in an insurrection at Nancy. After having been released they en- tered Paris in a grand procession, in which a conspicuous place was assigned to Collot. He also obtained the prize offered by the Jacobin club for the best almanac for 1792, which should make the advantages of constitutional government understood by the people. His work, called the Almanack du pere Gerard, brought him great celebrity. He presided over an assembly held for the nomination of deputies to the convention, was himself elected a member, and in that capacity favored the most violent measures. He was chosen pres- ident of the convention, June 13, 1793, and in September of the same year he was placed with Billaud-Varennes upon the committee of public safety. In November Collot was sent with Fouch6 and Couthon to Lyons to punish the city for an insurrection. This was done by the slaughtering of the inhabitants en masse with grape shot, and the demolition of the buildings. When he returned to Paris he found that odium had been created against him by his proceedings at Lyons. His popu- larity was in some measure restored by an at- tempt to assassinate him, May 23, 1794. From a supporter of Robespierre he now, however, became his opponent ; but the reaction proved too strong for him. He was removed from the committee of public safety ; and although ac- quitted on some charges brought against him, he was found guilty on others, and sentenced to be transported to Cayenne. COO1AN, Beiu'amin, an American clergyman, born in Boston, Oct. 19, 1673, died there, Aug. 29, 1747. In 1692 he graduated at Har- vard college, and not long afterward began to preach. He embarked for England in 1695,