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 778 DELAWARE known of the Algonquin dialects ; the works of Campanius and Loskiel, Zeisberger's Dela- ware-English spelling book (1776), and his grammar, published by the American philoso- phical society (1827), and Duponceau's "Me- moir on the Grammatical System of some North American Languages," having afforded students at an early date the means of com- parison. (See AMERICAN INDIANS, LANGUAGES OF THE.) The number of works issued on the language is comparatively large. Tamanend, or Tammany, whose name has figured so much in American politics, was a Delaware chief of the mythical period. The Jesuit fathers of Missouri reckon among them a priest, Wato- mika, who is a Delaware. DELAWARR, or Delaware, Thomas West, lord, governor of Virginia, died in 1618. He suc- ceeded his father as third Baron Delawarr in 1602, was appointed governor and captain gene- ral of Virginia in 1609, and arrived at James- town June 9, 1610, with three ships, after a voyage of three months and a half. He was the first executive officer of Virginia who bore the title of governor. His coming infused new spirit into the colonists, who were reduced to despair by privation and misgovernment, and his discreet and energetic management restored discipline and industry. He established a post at Kiquotan, now Hampton, at the mouth of the James river, and built two forts which he named Henry and Charles, after the king's sons. In March, 1611, prostrated by ill health, he em- barked for the island of Nevis in the West In- dies ; but, driven north by contrary winds, the vessel put in at the mouth of a large river, called by the natives Chickohocki, which re- ceived the name of Delaware in his honor. He then returned to England. In April, 1618, urged by the colonists to return in consequence of the oppressive rule of Argall, he set sail again for Virginia, but died on the voyage. This is the uniform statement of the writers on Virginia, but in " Royal and Noble Authors " he is said to have died at Wherwell, Hants, June 7, 1618. He published " A true Relation to the Coun- sell of Virginia " (1611 ; reprinted, 1858). The present Earl Delawarr, Charles Richard Sack- ville-West, is his lineal descendant. DELBRUCK, Martin Friedrich Rudolph, a German statesman, born in Berlin in 1817. He is the' son of a clergyman, who was intrusted with the education of the crown prince, afterward Fred- erick William IV. of Prussia, and of Prince William, the present emperor of Germany. He studied law at the universities of Bonn, Gottin- gen, and Berlin, and after some minor judicial employments was called to assist in the minis- try of finance, and obtained in 1844 the direc- tion of the bureau of commerce. In 1848 he was a member of the ministry appointed after the revolutionary outbreak of March 18, and upon its resignation was made chief of the ministry of commerce. In this capacity he was of great service to Prussia by his skilful consolidation of the Zollverein, and by nego- DELFT tiating several advantageous commercial trea- ties with France, Austria, England, Belgium, and Italy. At the creation of the chancery of the North German confederation in 1867, Bis- marck selected him to take full charge of it as president, and designated him as his substi- tute and representative at the North German diet and in the Prussian cabinet. Delbruck was made Prussian minister of state in 1868, and in 1871, after the creation of the empire, he re- ceived a large dotation from the German diet in recognition of his services, and was confirmed as president of the imperial chancery. DELESCLUZE, Louis Charles, a French revolu- tionist, born at Dreux, Oct. 2, 1809, killed in Paris, May 26, 1871. He early displayed ac- tivity as a journalist and political agitator, and participated in revolutionary movements and conspiracies under Louis Philippe, the republic of 1848, and the empire. He edited a number of radical journals, was frequently fined, and spent a part of his life in prison or exile. In 1858 he was transported to Cayenne for ten years, but was freed by the amnesty of the following year, when he resumed his agitation, and published De Paris d Cayenne, journal d'un transporte. In 1868 he founded the Reveil newspaper. During the siege of Paris he vehemently opposed the government of national defence, and in 1871 became conspic- uous as a leader of the commune of Paris. As such he evinced equal zeal and energy, and ultimately reckless fury. Despairing of suc- cess, he voluntarily sought death near the bar- ricades of the chateau d'Eau, by the side of those whom he had encouraged in the revolt. Afterward venturing into the streets, he was struck by three balls and mortally wounded. Important documents were found on his person. DELESSERT, BeDJamin, a French financier and naturalist, born in Lyons, Feb. 14, 1773, died in Paris, March 1, 1847. He served as a cap- tain of artillery under Pichegru, but soon re- signed to assume the direction of his father's bank. He was connected with Achard in the earliest experiments for the manufacture of beet-root sugar; and in 1801 he established a cotton mill at Passy. Before he was 30 he was appointed regent of the bank of France, which post he held for nearly half a century. He formed magnificent botanical and concholo- gical collections ; his herbal, which had been commenced for his sister by J. J. Rousseau, contained 86,000 specimens of plants, 3,000 of which were previously unknown. His botani- cal collections are illustrated in the important work, in which he was a collaborator with De Candolle, Icones selectee Plantarum (2 vols. 4to, 1820-'46), and his conchological treasures were described in 1847 by Dr. Chenu. He publish- ed a collection of maxims and prayers, Le guide du bonheur (1839), and other writings. DELFT, a town of the Netherlands, in the province of South Holland, 8 m. N. W. of Rot- terdam, on the river Schie, and connected by canals and railways with the other principal