Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume V.djvu/775

 DELAWARE 771 sides 1,863 horses and 4,000 cattle not on farms. The cash value of farms was $46,712,870 ; of farming implements and machiner j, $ 1, 20 1 , 644 ; wages paid during the year, including value of board, $1,696,571 ; estimated value of all farm products, including betterments and addi- tions to stock, $8,171,667; value of orchard products, $1,226,893; of produce of market gardens, $198,075; forest products, $111,810; home manufactures, $33,070; animals slaugh- tered or sold for slaughter, $997,403; live stock, $4,257,323. In 1872, 3,569,526 baskets of peaches, yielding to the growers the sum of $1,327,810, and 3,472,000 quarts of straw- berries, worth $227,260, were sent to market. In 1870 there were 800 manufacturing estab- lishments, with 164 steam engines of 4,313 horse power, and 234 water wheels of 4,220 horsepower; employing 9,710 hands, of whom 7,705 were males above 16 years of age, 1,199 females above 16, and 806 youth ; capital in- vested, $10,839,093; wages paid, $3,692,195; value of materials, $10,206,397 ; of products, $16,791,382. The following table exhibits the number of establishments, hands employed, capital, &c., of the principal branches: INDUSTRIES. No. of es- tablishment*. Hands employed. Capital. Value of materials. Value of product* Bleaching and dyeing 1 23 $30000 $171 619 $192 049 67 878 112 253 243 131 490*698 Bricks 14 365 210 602 49*806 Ojs; 4<Jft Carriages and wagons 60 714 517450 360730 842176 3 734 495 000 489000 947 1 860 Cotton goods 6 726 1 165 000 704J33 1 DI;O s's Fertilizers 3 61 158 000 178 308 217 787 103 277 777554 1 746 850 2 067 401 Fruits canned and preserved 8 411 63450 90'620 '212'278 Gunpowder 1 318 1 400 000 418854 737 800 6 305 544200 526830 tv'3 S86 " bolts, nuts, nails, &c 8 63 87742 110933 143 0*0 " castings (not specified) 18 471 592 275 761 339 1 085557 10 85 227 000 171 746 "44 093 " curried 7 70 96024 225384 279962 " morocco tanned and curried 10 439 586 994 951649 1 401 317 1 15 20000 ID-' ''43 124 574 Lumber sawed. . . . 80 811 290424 229856 405041 Machinery (not specified) 4 165 198000 99 740 216211 " steam engines and boilers 4 305 807,000 186,900 423,217 Matches. . 2 189 139 000 203 552 321800 Ship building repairing and ship materials 5 771 435500 476 815 1 003100 Woollen goods 8 893 383,000 888,054 569,721 * The commerce of Delaware is small and prin- cipally domestic. For the year ending June 30, 1872, the imports from foreign countries amounted to $6,634; exports to foreign ports, $53,914 ; entered from foreign countries, 2 ves- sels of 342 tons ; cleared for foreign ports, 5 ves- sels of 1,171 tons; entered in the coastwise trade, 27 steam vessels, 10,562 tons, and 39 sail- ing vessels, 7,304 tons ; cleared in the coastwise trade, 2 steam vessels, 825 tons, and 7 sailing vessels, 1,449 tons ; registered, enrolled, and li- censed, 193 vessels with an aggregate tonnage of 16,654; built during the year, 17 vessels of 5,762 tons. The state in 1851 contained 39 m. of completed railroad; in 1861, 127 m. ; in 1871, 227 m. ; and in 1872, 254 m. The lines lying wholly or partly within its limits are: the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore, connecting Philadelphia and Baltimore ; the New Castle and Frenchtown (owned and oper- ated by the above), from New Castle to Dela- ware Junction ; the New Castle and Wilming- ton, between those two points ; the Delaware railroad, from Delaware Junction to Delmar, on the Maryland line ; the Dorchester and Dela- ware, from Seaford to Cambridge, Md. ; the Kent County, from Townsend to Massey 's Junc- tion, Md. ; the Maryland and Delaware rail- road, from Clayton to Easton, Md. ; the Junc- tion and Breakwater, from Harrington to Lewes ; the Wilmington and Reading, from Wilmington to Keading, Pa. ; and the Wil- mington and Western railroad, connecting Wil- mington and Landenberg, Pa. The Chesa- peake and Delaware canal connects by a chan- nel navigable for coasting vessels the waters so called. It extends W. from Delaware City, 46 m. below Philadelphia, to Chesapeake City, on Back creek, a navigable branch of Elk river in Maryland, 13 m., and is 66 ft. wide at the top and 10 ft. deep, with two tide and two lift locks, and a deep cut for 4 m. through a hill 90 ft. high ; this work was completed in 1829 at a cost of $2,250,000. A canal between Salem creek and the Delaware river, begun nearly a century ago, has recently been completed. A ship canal is contemplated, to connect the waters of Chesapeake and Delaware bays, pass- ing from Sassafras river across the state near Smyrna. There are in the state 11 national banks, with $1,528,185 capital; 5 state banks, with $780,000 capital ; and 1 life and 4 fire insurance companies. The constitution of Del- aware grants the right of voting to all free white male citizens 21 years of age, who have resided in the state one year, and in. the county one month next preceding an election, and have, " within two years next before the elec- tion, paid a county tax, which shall have been assessed at least six months before the elec- tion;" but persons between the ages of 21 and 22 years, otherwise qualified, may vote without the payment of any tax. Under the provisions of the 15th amendment to the con-