Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume V.djvu/711

 DAVID DAVIDSON TOT made a successful tour through Great Britain and the United States. In his later pictures we find the classic rigidity of his previous works softened by a great infusion of senti- ment, lie painted some excellent portraits, among which his heads of Marat and Pius VII. are most remarkable. Girodet, Gros, Ge- rard, Drouais, Ingres, Isabey, David d'Angers, and many others who became eminent artists, were among his pupils, and disciples of the new school which he inaugurated. His body was buried at Ste. Gudule in Brussels, and his heart in Pere-la-Chaise, where his family have erected a monument to his memory. DAVID, Pierre Jean, a French sculptor, com- monly called DAVID D' ANGERS, born in Angers, March 12, 1789, died in Paris, Jan. 4, 1856. He was not a relative of the famous painter of his name, although he was his pupil and married his niece. When only 20 years old he obtained a medal of encouragement from the academy of fine arts, and in 1811 his bass-relief of Epaminondas, which is in the museum of his native town, gained the first prize for sculpture, and along with it a pen- sion to finish his education in Italy. He passed five years at Rome ; then visited Lon- don, where, although in indigence, he refused to execute a monument commemorative' of Waterloo ; and on his return to Paris he estab- lished his reputation by his statue of Conde. He was elected a member of the academy of fine arts Aug. 5, 1826, and appointed professor Dec. 6, 1826. From 1835 to 1837 he was em- ployed upon his sculptures of the Pantheon, now the church of St. Genevieve, at Paris, which constituted the great work of his life. His other productions embrace bass-reliefs, colossal medallions, busts, statues, and funereal monuments. Among the first are the " Battle of Fleurus " and the " Battle of Heliopolis " for the arch at Marseilles, and the " Epami- nondas, 1 ' which was the beginning of his repu- tation. Among the busts are those of Wash- ington and Lafayette in the capitol at Wash- ington, of Chateaubriand, Lamartine, Rossini, and Beranger at Paris, of Goethe at Weimar, and of Humboldt at Berlin. The mausoleum of Marco Bozzaris, at Missolonghi, presented by him in sympathy with the Greek struggle for independence, is one among several tombs of great beauty which he produced. His last work, the statue of Bichat, was placed in the great court of the medical school at Paris, July 16, 1857. He was a republican member of the con- stituent assembly of 1848, and was proscribed after the coup d'etat. He took refuge at Brus- sels, and was not permitted to return to France until after nearly three years, during which he visited Greece. David excelled more by his immense capacity for labor than by originality. DAVIDSON. I. A W. central county of North Carolina; area, 630 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 17,- 414, of whom 3,546 were colored. The Yad- kin river traverses its W. border, and several smaller streams intersect it. The surface is diversified by hills and valleys, and nearly all of the land is fertile. Gold has been found in the S. part, and there is a mine of silver and lead, and one of copper. The North Carolina railroad passes through the county. The chief productions in 1870 were 152,726 bushels of wheat, 287,355, of Indian corn, 120,459 of oats, 6,904 tons of hay, 29,262 Ibs. of wool, 38,937 of tobacco, and 100 bales of cotton. There were 2,859 horses, 3,702 milch cows, 5,338 other cattle, 13,440 sheep, and 19,461 swine; 7 grist mills, 4 manufactories of boots and shoes, and 1 zinc-smelting establishment. Capital, Lexington. II. A N. county of Tennessee, intersected by Cumberland river; area, 750 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 62,897, of whom 25,412 were colored. The surface is slightly uneven ; the soil is good and well watered, and agricul- ture flourishes. Excellent limestone is found here. The Cumberland river in this part of its course is navigable for steamboats, and six good turnpike roads meet in this county. The Nashville and Chattanooga, Nashville and De- catur, Nashville and Northwestern, Louisville and Nashville, and Edgefield and Kentucky railroads traverse it. The chief productions in 1870 were 87,166 bushels of wheat, 832,982 of Indian corn, 131,550 of oats, 24,858 of bar- ley, 66,243 of Irish and 62,854 of sweet pota- toes, 192,556 Ibs. of butter, and 1,416 bales of cotton. There were 5,646 horses, 2,228 mules and asses, 5,428 milch cows, 7,041 other cattle, 12,221 sheep, and 29,667 swine; 15 manufac- tories of carriages and wagons, 5 of furniture, 6 of iron castings, 1 1 of machinery, 1 of cotton- seed oil, 6 of patent medicines, 3 of sashes, doors, and blinds, 12 of tin, copper, and sheet- iron ware, 7 of bricks, 6 of brooms, 5 of con- fectionery, 13 of saddlery and harness, 1 of wooden ware, 4 book binderies, 6 grist mills, 4 tanneries, 6 currying establishments, 2 distil- leries, 2 breweries, 4 saw mills, and 16 planing mills. Capital, Nashville, which is also the capital of the state. III. A S. E. county of Dakota territory, recently formed and not in- cluded in the census of 1870 ; area, 432 sq. m. It is intersected by the Dakota or James river. DAVIDSON. I. Lneretia Maria, an American poetess, born at Plattsburgh, N. Y., Sept. 27, 1808, died Aug. 27, 1825. She wrote verses at four years of age, having learned in secrecy to copy the letters from printed books. The ear- liest of her productions which are preserved were written when she was nine years old. At 16 she was sent to school in Troy, where her application soon undermined her health; but she was allowed to continue her studies, even when under medical treatment. This in- duced a hectic consumption, which soon proved fatal. A great part of her compositions were destroyed, but 278 pieces remain, some of which were published in 1829, under the title of " Amir Khan and other Poems," with a me- moir by Mr. S. F. B. Morse, afterward repub- lished with a life by Miss Sedgwick. A new edition of her poems, with illustrations by