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 COLLEGE HILL COLLEGE HILL, a post village of Hamilton co., Ohio, 6 m. N. of Cincinnati, and the seat of two institutions of learning, viz. : Farmer's college, formerly Carey's academy, founded in 1846, and having in 1870 4 instructors and 45 students ; and the Ohio female college, founded in 1848, and having in 1870 13 instructors, 130 students, and a library of 1,000 volumes. COLLES, Christopher, an American engineer, born in Ireland about 1738, died in New York in 1821. He was educated under the care of Richard Pococke, the oriental traveller, after whose death he emigrated to America, and in 1773 delivered lectures in New York upon in- land lock navigation. He was the designer of one of the first steam engines built in the country. In 1774 he submitted proposals for the construction of a reservoir for the supply of the city of New York with water. After- ward he gave instruction to the artillery of the United States upon the use of projectiles, until the arrival of Baron Steuben in 1777, when a change was made in the organization of the department. In November, 1784, he presented a memorial to the New York assembly recom- mending that Lake Ontario should be connected with the Hudson by means of canals and other improvements. He surveyed the obstructions in the Mohawk river, and the results of the survey were published in 1785. He also pub- lished an elaborate pamphlet in regard to in- land navigation. The revolution having pre- vented the construction of the reservoir which he had projected, he offered to undertake the supply of New York from outside of the city by means of pipes, and was probably the first person who drew attention to the subject. He personally explored the roads of the state of New York and published a book describing them. He exhibited much ingenuity in a great variety of employments, but was always poor. At length he was appointed superintendent of the academy of fine arts in New York. He was the friend of Hamilton, Jefferson, and other eminent men, and was honored as the original suggester of the canal system of New York. COLLETOff, a S. county of South Carolina, bordering on the Atlantic, bounded S. W. by the Combahee river; area, 1,672 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 25,410, of whom 16,492 were colored. The Edisto, Ashepoo, and Salkehatchie are the principal rivers. Much of the land is flat, alluvial, and swampy ; the drier parts are fer- tile. The palmetto and cabbage palm are here indigenous. The South Carolina and the Sa- vannah and Charleston railroads traverse the county. The chief productions in 1870 were 207,927 bushels of Indian corn, 52,825 of sweet potatoes, 2,335 bales of cotton, 8,742,271 Ibs. of rice, and 1,040 hhds. of sugar (all that was produced in the state except 15 hhds.). There were 1,679 horses, 4,264 milch cows, 6,237 other cattle, 3,314 sheep, and 17,508 swine. Capital Waterborough. COLLETOflf, James, a colonial governor of South Carolina. He was appointed in 1686, 210 VOL. v. 5 COLLIER 63 during the attempt to carry out Locke's con- stitution, and in the interest of the lords pro- prietors, one of whom was his brother. He received with his appointment the dignity of landgrave and 48,000 acres of land. On his arrival he found the colonial parliament un- willing to recognize the constitution, and he at once excluded the refractory members. A new assembly was elected in 1687, in avowed opposition to the governor, and the people re- sisted his collection of quitrents. The assem- bly imprisoned his secretary, seized the rec- ords, and defied the governor and his patrons. In 1689 Colleton, pretending danger from Spaniards and Indians, called out the militia and declared martial law ; but as the militia were the people themselves, this effort was futile. In 1690 William and Mary were pro- claimed, and the representatives of South Caro- lina deposed Colleton and banished him. COLLETTA, Pietro, a Neapolitan patriot, born in Naples, Jan. 23, 1775, died in Florence, Nov. 11, 1831. He was an officer of artillery and civil engineer, took an active part in poli- tics during the French invasion of Naples, dis- tinguished himself in the army under Joseph Bonaparte, and was made by Murat in 1808 intendant of Calabria, and in 1812 general and director of bridges and public roads. When the Bourbons returned to power, he was for some time imprisoned. On the outbreak of the revolution of 1820 he was sent as vice- roy to Sicily, but was soon recalled and ap- pointed minister of war. After the Austrian intervention he was banished to Brunn in Moravia, but afterward he was permitted to reside in Florence. He wrote Storia del reame di Napoli dal 1734 sino al 1825 (2 vols., Ca- polago, 1834; 2d ed., 4 vols., 1837; English translation by S. Horner, with a supplementa- ry chapter, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1858). COLLIER, Arthur, an English clergyman, born at Langford Steeple, Wiltshire, in 1680, died in 1732. He was rector of Langford, a living which had belonged successively to his great- grandfather, grandfather, and father. In 1713 he published a work entitled Clavis Universalis, maintaining the non-existence and the impossi- bility of the existence of any objects external to the mind. Berkeley had three years before advanced incidentally a similar theory, but the two philosophers appear to have had no knowl- edge of each other. Collier was inferior to his contemporary rather in the graces of composi- tion than in acuteness or method; and yet, while Berkeley's publication produced a pro- found impression, the Clavis Universalis at- tracted not the slightest attention in England. In Germany a copious and able abstract of its contents was given in 1717, in a supplemental volume of the Acta Eruditorum, and in 1756 a complete translation of it into German was made by Eschenbach. Thus rendered acces- sible in Germany, Collier has enjoyed among the thinkers of that country high repute for talent and originality. The best view of his