Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume V.djvu/315

 COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS department he attained a high place, and in 1845 was elected an associate of the royal academy. He excels in groups of oxen, cows, sheep, or goats, the landscape backgrounds to which are subdued in tone, though in perfect keeping with the general character of the com- position. For many years he painted in con- junction with F. R. Lee, who supplied the landscape. COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS. See SOCIAL- ISM. COOPER RIVER, in South Carolina, rises in the central portion of Charleston county, and flowing S. E. unites with the Ashley below Charleston, forming the harbor of that city. It is navigable by small vessels for 30 m. to the Santee canal, 21 m. long, connecting it with the Santee. COOPERSTOWN, a post village and the cap- ital of Otsego county, N. Y., 60 m. W. of Al- bany ; pop. about 1,800. Situated at the out- let of Otsego lake, which is embosomed in hills 400 ft. high, it presents some of the most beautiful and picturesque scenery in the state. The village is noted as having been the resi- dence of James Fenimore Cooper, by whose father, Judge William Cooper, it was founded, and has of late years become a popular sum- mer resort. COORG, Koorg, or Cadnga, a district of S. Hin- dostan, aiong the Western Ghauts, bounded N. by Canara and Mysore, E. by Mysore, S. by Malabar, and W. by Malabar and Canara, main- ly between lat. 12 and 12 45' N., and Ion. 76 25' and 76 E. ; area about 1,600 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 111,830. It is extremely rugged, mountainous in all parts, covered in some places with forests of sandal and other woods, but in many others overrun with jungle. The most noteworthy feature of the district is the artificial fortifications, the country being inter- sected by ramparts 15 to 25 ft. in height, and ditches 10 ft. deep and 8 ft. wide. These works are supposed to be very ancient, and in some places they are crowned with enormous trees. The soil is fertile ; rice is cultivated for exportation, pepper, cardamoms, and other spices are produced, and great attention is paid to cattle-raising. The climate is temperate, and generally healthy. The inhabitants are Brahmans. It is the custom for brothers of the same family to have their wives in com- mon. There are no manufactures except of coarse cloths for domestic wear. Mercara is the capital. Coorg was formerly an indepen- dent principality, and considerably larger than the present district known by that name. It was seized by Hyder Ali in 1773, and parcelled out among many petty chieftains ; but in 1787 the son of the deposed rajah succeeded in ex- pelling the invaders. In 1834 the territory was added to the possessions of the East India company. The chief commissioner of Mysore has also charge of the district of Coorg. COOS. I. The N. county of New Hampshire, bounded N. by Canada, E. by Maine, and W. by COOSA 311 Vermont and Canada, and intersected in the E. part by the Androscoggin river; area, 1,950 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 14,932. The White mountains occupy the southern part. Among these moun- tains the Saco river takes its rise, and in the ex- treme north are the sources of the Connecticut. Near the banks of this stream the soil is tol- erably fertile. In the vicinity of some other smaller rivers the land is also cultivated, but the greater portion of the surface is hilly and unproductive. Its name is an Indian word sig- nifying pines, with which a large part is Cov- ered. It is traversed by the Portland branch of the Grand Trunk railway of Canada, and the White Mountain railroad runs to the coun- ty seat. The chief productions in 1870 were 19,227 bushels of Indian corn, 185,674 of oats, 55,801 of buckwheat, 811,569 of potatoes, 40,- 795 tons of hay, 419,462 Ibs. of buttec, 63,666 of wool, and 208,574 of maple sugar. There were 3,147 horses, 5,119 milch cows, 2,259 working oxen, 6,360 other cattle, 14,766 sheep, and 1,463 swine ; 39 saw mills, 4 tanneries, 12 manufactories of carriages and wagons, 1 of machinery, 2 of paper, 12 of saddlery and harness, 4 of sashes, doors, and blinds, 1 of shoe pegs, 40 of potato starch, and 3 of tin, copper, and sheet-iron ware. Capital, Lan- caster. II. A S. W. county of Oregon, bounded W. by the Pacific; area, 1,500 sq.- m.; pop. in 1870, 1,644, of whom 13 were Chinese. It is watered by Coos and Co- quilla rivers. The Umpqua mountains are on the E. border. Coal and veins of gold and cop- per have been found. Coos bay furnishes a good harbor. A railroad is in progress from the bay to Roseburg, in the adjoining county. The soil is good, but lumber is the chief staple. The chief productions in 1870 were 2,802 bushels of wheat, 1,859 of Indian corn, 3,386 of oats, 1,182 of barley, 2,044 of peas and beans, 1,165 of potatoes, and 644 tons of hay. There were 347 horses, 949 milch cows, and 1,412 swine. Capital, Empire City. COOSA, a central county of Alabama, bounded S. W. by Coosa river ; the former area was 860 sq. m., but a portion has recently been taken to form Elmore county ; pop. in 1870, 11,945, of whom 3,394 were colored. The surface is hilly, and the soil very productive. The pasture lands are excellent, and perennial springs are found in almost all parts. Numer- ous small streams afford an abundance of water power. Lead and iron mines have been opened; statuary granite of very superior quality is found. In the northern part is an immense quarry of beautiful marble, extending through Coosa and Talladega into Calhoun county. The chief productions in 1870 were 36,066 bushels of wheat, 262,638 of Indian corn, 20,513 of oats, 30,508 of sweet potatoes, 3,893 bales of cotton, and 91,961 Ibs. of butter. There were 1,406 horses, 1,184 mules and asses, 3,779 milch cows, 528 other cattle, 4,546 sheep, and 12,689 swine; 1 cotton mill, several flour and saw mills. Capital, Rockford.