Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IX.djvu/694

 674 JCKAI JOLLIET Wailly, was published at Paris in 1873, under the^title of Histoire de St. Louis. JOKAI, Mor, a Hungarian author, born at Comoro in 1825. He became known in 1842 by a drama, and in 1846 by a novel. He has since published more than 150 volumes. Du- ring the movements of 1848 he made himself conspicuous by his revolutionary ardor, but in 1849 belonged to the moderate party. He was at the time editor of the weekly literary jour- nal filetkepe/c, and from 1858 to 1863 of the humorous UstoTcos ("The Comet"). Since 1863 he has been editor of the Eon (" Father- land "), a daily political journal. He has been several times elected to the diet from Pesth. His more recent works include Politikai diva- toTc (" Political Fashions," 4 vols., Pesth, 1863) ; Mire megvenulunk ("Till One grows Old," 4 vols., 1865) ; Szerelem bolondjai (" Love's Fools," 4 vols., 1867); A Icoszivu ember fiai (" The Sons of the Man with the Stony Heart," 4 vols., 1869); and Fekete gyemdntok ("Black Diamonds," 5 vols., 1870). In 1848 he mar- ried Rosa Laborfalvi, a distinguished actress. JOKJOKEKTA, Jokyokarta, or Yngyakarta. I. A maritime province or residency in the S. part of Java, formerly one of the most impor- tant native states on the island, but now sub- ject to the Dutch; pop. about 500,000. It contains the volcano of Nerapi, 3,000 ft. high, abounds in teak, is very fertile, and produces rice, coffee, and tobacco, but has no good har- bors. II. The capital of the residency and seat of a native sultan and a Dutch resident, near the S. coast, about 275 m. E. S. E. of Batavia ; pop. about 120,000. The most interesting fea- tures of the town are said to be the native monarch's water palace, with its walls, towers, and subterraneous approaches, and the fort occupied by Europeans. The sultan is attend- ed by a body guard of young females, armed with lance, sword, and pistol, and serving both as infantry and cavalry. From them are often chosen inmates for the royal harem. There is now a Christian church and school. JOLIBA. See NIGER. JOUET, a city and the county seat of Will co., Illinois, situated on both sides of the Des Plaines river, 35 m. S. W. of Chicago ; pop. in 1850, 2,659; in 1860, 7,102; in 1870, 7,263. The Illinois and Michigan canal passes through the city, and it is the point of junction of the Chicago, Eock Island, and Pacific, the Chicago and Alton, and the Michigan Central railroads. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural country, and is the principal shipping point for the pro- duce of this region which is exported by canal. The canal and river furnish water power, and there are several flour mills, manufactories of agricultural implements, &c. There are inex- haustible quarries of fine blue and white build- ing stone near the city. Joliet is well built and lighted with gas. The city hall is a large and imposing edifice. The state penitentiary, one of the finest buildings of the kind in the country, cost more than $1,000,000. There are two national banks, a semi-weekly and two weekly newspapers, and 10 public schools, in- cluding a high school. JOLIET, Charles, a French author, born at Saint-Hippolyte, department of Doubs, Aug. 8, 1832. He was employed in the civil service till 1864, and became known as a journalist and as a miscellaneous writer. His works in- clude Le roman de deux jeunes maries (Paris, 1866), Mademoiselle Cherubin (1870), and pa- triotic novels based upon the Franco-German war of 1870-'7l, which have given him a reputation almost equal to that of Erckmann- Chatrian. JOLIETTE. I. A W. county of Quebec, Canada, bounded S. E. by the St. Lawrence river; area, 2,669 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 23,075, of whom 22,020 were of French descent. It is drained by the river L'Assomption and several smaller streams. II. A town, capital of the county, on L'Assomption river, 42 m. N. N. E. of Montreal ; pop. in 1871, 3,047. It is connected by a railway 12 m. long with a harbor on the St. Lawrence. Joliette is the business centre of the surrounding country, has a weekly market, and carries on an exten- sive trade in agricultural produce and lumber. It contains large grist, saw, carding, and fulling mills, an extensive foundery, a tannery, quar- ries of limestone, a college, a French weekly newspaper, a hospital, and a convent. JOLLIET, or Joliet, Louis, one of the early ex- plorers of the Mississippi, born in Quebec in 1645, died in 1700. His father was the smith of the settlement, but placed his son at the Jesuit college, where he made rapid progress and evinced a decided taste for hydrography. He received the tonsure and minor orders in 1662, and graduated in 1666. He soon after abandoned his design of becoming a priest, and went west, where he spent some years in trade, acquiring a knowledge of Indian languages and of western topography. This led to his selection by Talon in 1672 to push through to the Mississippi. He and Pere Marquette studied over the route, drawing up maps from their own knowledge and Indian reports, laying down rivers, tribes, and natural features. They started from Michilimackinac May 17, 1673, and proceeded to Green bay. Then they ascended the Fox river to an Indian town, where they obtained guides to the Wisconsin, and on June 17, 1673, entered the Mississippi. They found some Illinois 60 leagues lower down, near the mouth of the Des Moines, but passed the Mis- souri, the Piesa or Painted Rocks, and the Ohio, without encountering other Indians. They soon met a tribe not named, then the Mitchi- gamea, and finally the Arkansas. Here they found that the Indians had intercourse with Europeans ; and having gone far enough to be certain that the river flowed into the gulf of Mexico and not into the Pacific, they turned back up the river, July 17, ascended the Illinois, and reached Lake Michigan. Jolliet at once set out to report his success, but his canoe up-