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 424: ISABELLA OF ENGLAND following year in various parts of the country, but failed for want of organization. Gonzalez Bravo, the successor of Narvaez at the head of the cabinet, carried reaction still further, until in September, 1868, a revolt began at Cadiz which speedily spread over all Spain, and re- sulted in the queen's flight to France, with her children, her lover Marfori, and her chaplain Claret. (See PRIM, and SERRANO.) Napoleon III. put at her disposal the castle at Pau, whence she issued a proclamation to the Spanish peo- ple, protesting against the revolution. On Sept. 29, 1868, her deposition was declared at Madrid, and on Nov. 6 she took up her residence in Paris, where she has since remained, with the exception of an interval spent at. Geneva during the Franco-German war. On June 25, 1870, she abdicated her claim to the throne of Spain in favor of her son, Alfonso Francisco de Asis Fer- nando, &c. (born Nov. 28, 1857), prince of As- turias, who assumed the title of Alfonso XII. ISABELLA OF ENGLAND. See EDWARD II. and III. ISABELLA OF VALOIS. See ELIZABETH or VALOIS. ISABET. I. Jean Baptiste, a French miniature painter, born in Nancy, April 11, 1767, died April 18, 1855. He studied historical painting under David, but commenced his career by making portraits in crayons. About 1800 he determined to apply the principles of high art to miniature painting, and in 1802 his repu- tation was established by an extensive work, representing the first consul reviewing his troops in the court of the Tuileries ; and thence- forth he remained at the very head of this branch of his art. Napoleon I., with whom he had been intimate in his youth, appointed him his miniature painter in ordinary, and the members of the Bonaparte family and the marshals and great dignitaries of the em- pire sat to him, besides many sovereigns and statesmen of Europe, of whom he painted a greater number than any contemporary. His Table des marechttux, on a large slab of porce- lain, representing Napoleon surrounded by his most famous generals, is a good specimen of his large portrait pieces. His picture of one of the conferences at Vienna, whither he had followed Maria Louisa on the abdication of Napoleon in 1814, is valuable from the num- ber of historic portraits it embraces. II. Eugene Louis Gabriel, a French marine and landscape painter, son of the preceding, born in Paris, July 22, 1804. He studied art under his father. His "Battle of the Texel" (1839) is in Ver- sailles, and his "Embarking of Ruyter" (1851) in the Luxembourg. His later works include "The Alchemist" (1865) and "The Tempta- tion of St. Anthony" (1869). IS351JS, one of the ten Attic orators, born at Chalcis, flourished in the first half of the 4th century B. C. He went at an early age to Athens, was instructed in oratory by Lysias and Isocrates, composed judicial orations for others, and founded a school of rhetoric in ISAR which Demosthenes is said to have studied. In antiquity 64 orations were ascribed to him, of which 11 are extant, all relating to disputed in- heritances. The best separate edition is that by SchSmann (8vo, Greifswald, 1831). There is an English translation by Sir William Jones (London, 1794). ISAIAH, the flrst of the great Hebrew proph- ets, son of Amoz, flourished under Kings Uz- ziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, from about 760 to 700 B. C. Ahaz was consoled by his prophecies when King Rezin of Damascus and Pekah of Israel warred against Judah. But his chief activity falls in the reign of Hezekiah, during the invasion of Sennacherib, king of As- syria. (See HEBREWS, vol. viii., p. 589.) The leading themes of his prophecies are denunci- ations of vice and oppression, announcements of impending ruin, and the promise of regen- eration and a universal reign of justice. The eloquent style and sublimity of thought of the main portions of the book of Isaiah give him the highest rank among the prophets. The last 27 chapters, which differ in diction and topics, treating of the victories of Cyrus, the fall of Babylon, and the return of the Jews to Jerusalem, are generally considered by critics to be by some author of the time of the captiv- ity, whose name is unknown, and who is often designated as the second Isaiah. Some other chapters (xiii., xxxiv., xxxv., &c.) are also re- garded as productions of unknown authorship. Among the best commentators are Lowth (Lon- don, 1775), Gesenius (3 vols., Leipsic, 1820-'21), Hitzig (2 vols., Heidelberg, 1833), J. A. Alex-. ander (2 vols., New York, 1846-'7), Barnes (2 vols., 1848), Drechsler (3 vols., completed by De- litzsch and Hahn, 1857), Knobel (3d ed., 1861), Delitzsch (1866), and Ewald (2d ed., 1867). is I Yll, an E. county of Minnesota, inter- sected by St. Francis or Rum river ; area, 450 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 2,035. The surface is somewhat diversified. Timber is found along the river banks. The chief productions in 1870 were 16,025 bushels of wheat, 2,523 of rye, 8,699 of Indian corn, 11,860 of oats, 11,544 of potatoes, 58,331 Ibs. of butter, and 5,432 tons of hay. There were 225 horses, 660 milch cows, 1,149 other cattle, 975 sheep, and 395 swine. Capital, Cambridge. ISAR (anc. Isarus), a river of Germany, a tributary of the S. or right bank of the.Dan- ube, about 200 m. long. It rises in Tyrol about 6 m. N. E. of Innspruck, passes for about 80 m. through a wild and partly uninhabited Al- pine region, until it reaches with torrent-like velocity the Bavarian town of Tolz, 25 m. S. of Munich ; it falls into the Danube 2 m. be- low Deggendorf. Besides Munich, the Isar wa- ters Landshut, Landau, and other towns, but is not navigable excepting downward from Tolz, and then only for rafts. It contains many large bogs and forms numerous islands; has many affluents from the Ammer, Wurrn, and other lakes ; and is said to have once been a mountain lake extending far beyond Tolz.