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 308 INSANITY INSECT FERTILIZATION Table of Institutions/or the Insane continued. LOCATION. Character. No. of patient! At clou of 1673. Malt. 'emale. Total. Middletown, Conn. .. 1866 1824 State Corporate. . Private Corporate. . City City 175 74 '84 28 65 98 14 287 91 84 294 817 77 87 m 210 42 441 216 107 251 IB 108 70 468 115 92 181 151 124 154 294 168 150 76 60 188 202 87 284 275 220 74 ios 1,049 89 18 481 94 57 286 453 9 85 840 206 86 682 192 69 199 10 144 67 152 158 102 158 188 118 155 270 102 154 89 66 184 120 68 244 802 895 148 189 1,077 659 1ST 27 718 186 91 680 770 SG 72 27 658 416 78 1,023 403 166 450 25 252 127 620 268 194 834 284 242 809 564 830 804 165 115 872* 822 165 628 677* Iiitchfleld Conn. liloomingdale, N. Y.. Blackwoll's Isl'd,N.Y. Ward's Island, N. Y.. Ward's Island (emi- grant), N. Y Flushing, N.Y Flatbush,N. Y Poughkeepsie, N.Y.. Troy N.Y 1821 isi;i 1845 1855 1372 1 -.V.l 1*43 1869 1855 1874 1847 1841 1817 isoi 1872 1857 State. . . Private. . County State. . County. . State. . State. . State Private State Ho- meeopathlc. State TJtica, N Y Willard N. Y Auburn (erinVl), N.Y. Canandaigua, N.Y... Middletown, N. Y... Pennsylvania Hospi- tal for Insane, Phil- adelphia Friends' asylum, Phil- Corporate. . Corporate. . City State Almshouse, Phila(Ta. Danville Pa . . State Corporate . . Private .... Corporate . . State Burn Brae, near Phil- Mount Hope, Md Catonsville Md. 1842 1S72 1S.V) 1773 1870 1828 1864 1856 1827 1841 1860 1865 iiei 1848 1S54 1S73 VU 1860 1S74 1855 1855 1 -:,!> 1848 1S4S 1S71 1874 1867 I860 1S73 1861 1872 1866 1S51 '1868 Washington, D. C Williamsburg, Va... National. . . State. ... State State Weston, W. Va. Raleigh, N. C ... State State Columbia 8 C State Milledgeville, Ga.... State State State Jackson, La State State Nashville Tenn. .. State. . . Hopkinsville, Ky.... State State. . Lexington, Ky State City Athens, O State Dayton, O. State. 262 187 157 267 285 107 298 118 148 207 287 65 660 250 805* 474 472 172 State Kalamazoo, Micb .... Indianapolis, Ind .... Jacksonville, 111 Elgin 111 State State State State Anna, 111 State Batavia, Bellevue pL, Private State. . ia 102 278 67 159 174 129 116 82 98 882 119 29 SO 166 108 222 66 144 129 170 98 21 81 824 48 7 80 814 206 495 118 808 808t 299 218 68 178* 1,156 167 86 Madison, Wis. Oshkosh, Wis State Mount Pleasant, la.. Independence, la St. Peter, Minn State State State Fulton Mo State County Corporate. . State State State State State St. Louis co., Mo St. Vincent's (8t Lincoln, Neb Ossawattomie, Kan . . Stockton, Cal il871 '1S66 1853 1872 Portland, Greg- Steilacoom, W. T See the works of Thomas Arnold, P. H. Pinel, James Oowles Priehard, E. Esquirol, J. Haslam, J. Conolly, Pliny Earle, J. Thurman, Brierre de Boismont, F. J. Bronssais, Feuchters- leben, Georget, and Bucknill and Tuke ; " Medi- t 1870. cal Jurisprudence of Insanity," by I. Ray (Bos- ton, 1838, and later editions) ; " Medical Ju- risprudence of Insanity," by D. Tilden Brown, in Beck's "Medical Jurisprudence;" " Mentai Pathology and Therapeutics," by W. Grie- singer, translated from the German (London, 1867); "Insanity and its Treatment," by G. Fielding Blandford(Philadelphia, 1871); "Phy- siology and Pathology of the Mind," by Henry Maudsley (London, 1872) ; " Insanity and its Relation to Crime," by W. A. Hammond (New York, 1873) ; " Contributions to Mental Pa- thology," by I. Ray (Boston, 1874) ; "Medicine in Relation to Mind," by J. Thompson Diekson (London, 1874); "Responsibility in Mental Disease," by Henry Maudsley (New York, 1874); "Mental Physiology," by William B. Carpenter (London, 1874) ; " West Riding Lu- natic Asylum Reports;" "Journal of Mental Science " (London) ; " American Journal of In- sanity " (TJtica, N. Y.) ; and the Annales Medi- co-psychologiyiiea (Paris). INSECT FERTILIZATION. It has long been a matter of common observation that many plants, with their stamens and pistils in sepa- rate flowers, whether monoecious or dioecious, depend upon insects for their fertilization ; the insects, in their visits from flower to flower in search of honey, evidently bring the pollen from the anthers of the staminate to the stig- mas of the pistillate flowers, as every gardener knows who has tried to keep his varieties of melons and other plants of the same family in a condition of purity. Darwin, in his work " The Fertilization of Orchids" (London, 1862), showed that many perfect flowers, with their pistils and stamens in close proximity, are so Section of Iris. constructed that the pollen can never without extrinsic aid reach the pistil of its own flower, or serve to fertilize that of any other flower. Ho showed that there is a complete provision that the flowers of many orchids should never
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 * 1872.