Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IX.djvu/251

 INDIANA 239 and Northwestern Christian university in In- dianapolis, 5,000. The census of 1870 report- ed 293 newspapers and periodicals, having an aggregate circulation of 363,542 and issuing 29,964,984 copies annually. There were 20 daily, with a circulation of 42,300 ; 3 tri- week- ly, with 2,200; 1 semi-weekly, with 350; 233 weekly, with 239,342; 6 semi-monthly, with 9,200; 28 monthly, with 64,150; and 2 bi- monthly, with 6,000. The statistics of church- es were as follows : DENOMINATIONS. i Sitting!. Value of property. 522 68 455 18 49 4T 81 5 195 1,403 2 1 388 42 2 84 204 1 184 18 4 476 45 SIT 12 88 40 76 4 180 1,121 2 1 815 42 2 88 201 185,575 16.800 122,755 4,800 10,800 10,925 29,500 1,900 62,285 846,125 650 100 116,560 12,400 500 8,880 86,830 $1,047,625 89,700 810,875 119,900 492,500 124,600 263,800 118,000 619,600 8,291,427 6,000 4,000 2,006.550 71,550 6,200 97,800 2,511,700 Episcopal, Protestant Evangelical Association Friends Jewish Moravian (Unitas Fratrum). New Jerusalem (Swedenbor- Keformed church in America (late Dutch Reformed) Reformed church in the Uni- ted States (late German Reformed) United Brethren in Christ. . Universalist 121 15 5 83.975 6,300 1,200 188,000 78,400 8,500 Total... 3.698 3.106 1.008.380 Indiana originally constituted a part of New France, and subsequently of the Northwest territory. The exact period of its first set- tlement is not ascertained. In 1702 a party of French Canadians descended the Wabash, and established several posts on its banks, and among others Vincennes. The Indians made little opposition to the new comers. Until 1763, when the country was ceded to the English, nothing is known of the early settlers. By the treaty of cession, however, they were confirmed in their possessions. The treaty of 1783 included Indiana in the United States. In 1788 an Indian war broke out, which caused great distress at Vincennes. In 1791 the In- dians were attacked at the mouth of the Tippe- canoe by Gen. Wilkinson, and by the subse- quent victories of Gen. Wayne a dangerous confederacy was broken up and the tribes were obliged to submit. The whole district now began to enjoy that repose of which it had been for many years deprived. By the treaty of Greenville in 1795 the United States ob- tained several eligible parcels of land, and set- tlement began to make considerable progress. On May 7, 1800, Ohio was erected into a sepa- rate territory, while all the country W. and N. was included in the new government of Indiana. The territorial government was organized July 4, with William Henry Harrison as governor. In 429 TOL. ix. 16 1805 Michigan was also set off, and in 1809 Illinois, leaving Indiana with its present limits. In all this period, however, the Indians had been troublesome, and greatly impeded settle- ment. Nevertheless the census of 1810 showed a fair increase, the population in that year amounting to 24,520 souls. In 1811 the gen- eral government determined to exert its power against the savages, who, excited and exas- perated by the eloquence of Tecumseh, a leader of the Shawnees, and the most extraordinary man that had ever appeared among them, had committed grievous depredations. A force of regulars and militia was assembled at Vin- cennes and placed under the command of Wil- liam Henry Harrison, then governor. On Nov. 6 of the same year the governor appeared be- fore Prophetstown or Tippecanoe on the Wa- bash, and demanded restitution of the property which the Indians had carried off. After a conference it was agreed that hostilities should not commence until next morning, that an amicable arrangement might be made ; but in violation of this armistice the Americans were attacked before daybreak by a large body of savages. Gov. Harrison, however, knowing the character of the enemy, had so disposed his troops as not to be taken by surprise. The combat that ensued, though short, was unusu- ally severe ; the Indians fought with desperate courage, but could not withstand the superiority of the forces arrayed against them, and the fate of the battle was soon decided. After burning the town and laying waste the surrounding country, the victorious army returned to Vin- cennes, and not long afterward the tribes sued for peace. The war with England now broke out, and gave a fresh impetus to Indian hos- tility; but again the savages were overwhelmed, and after the close of the war in 1815 finally ceased to molest or trouble the settlers. In December, 1815, the territorial legislature peti- tioned congress for admission into the Union, and the privilege of forming a state constitu- tion. A bill for these purposes passed con- gress in April, 1816 ; and soon after a conven- tion was called, which on June 29 ensuing adopted the first constitution of Indiana. On Dec. 11, 1816, the state was admitted into the Union. A more rapid immigration ensued, and continued without interruption; and though numbers passed westward into Illinois, the new state retained its share. In 1827 the Erie canal opened an outlet for the produce of the west, and the national road was commenced. Both these circumstances naturally stimulated settlement ; and the sales of land so rapidly in- creased that in the ten years ending in 1830 they amour.tsd to 3,558,221 acres. The popu- lation in the same year was 343,031, being an increase of 133-1 per cent, over that of 1820. Now commenced that speculation mania which terminated in the financial revulsion of 1837. In 1832 the legislature incorporated eight stock companies for constructing railroads; in 1883 the middle section of the Wabash and Erie
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