Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IX.djvu/188

 180 ILION ILLINOIS America, about 10 m. S. of Quito. They are about 17,380 ft. high, and seem originally to have constituted a single mountain, which has been rent apart by volcanic forces. They are visible not only from all parts of the country intervening between the Cordilleras of Quito and the Pacific, but from great distances at sea. ILION, a village in the town of German Flats, Herkimer co., New York, on the right bank of the Mohawk river, and on the New York Cen- tral railroad and Erie canal, 70 m. W. N. W. of Albany; pop. in 1870, 2,876. It contains two hotels, a national bank, a brewery, a weekly newspaper, and several schools and churches. It is chiefly noted as the seat of E. Remington and sons' firearms manufactory, of the Remington empire sewing-machine com- pany, and the Remington agricultural works, which employ a large number of men. It was incorporated in 1865. II.1SS1 s. a river of Attica, rising near the N. extremity of Mt. Hymettus, and flowing through the S. part of Athens toward the Phaleric bay, which it rarely reaches even in the rainy season, while in summer it always dries up in the vicinity of the city. The spreading plane trees and verdant banks of the Ilissus, which Plato immortalized in his "Phffldrus," have given place to pigmy bushes and sunburnt rocks. ILIUM. See TEOT. ILIYATS, or Eeliants, a nomadic tribe of Per- sia, Kkiva, and Turkistan. The name Iliyat is the plural of iel (eel), a tribe, equivalent to the Arabic kabilaJi. The Iliyats are mostly of Turkish, Arabic, and Kurdish descent, and form an important portion of the population of Persia and adjacent countries ; their actual numbers are not known, but it is said that the Iliyat tribes tributary to Khiva numbered 195,- 000. They live in tents and have no settled habitations, changing their places of encamp- ment with the season or climate. Some tribes live solely by rapine and plunder ; others re- sort only occasionally to such means. They have large flocks and herds, which they often augment by taking those of their neighbors; they are therefore much dreaded by the settled and civilized population. The distances that some of the Iliyat tribes travel in their annual migrations are wonderful. From the southern shores of Fars, the Kashkai tribe of Iliyats ar- rive in spring on the grazing grounds of Ispa- han, where they are met by the Bakhtiars from the northern shores of the Persian gulf. At the approach of winter both tribes return. The Iliyats are Mohammedans of the Sunni sect, but are not very strict in their religious observances, and are not ruled like the towns- men by the mollah. In each province of Per- sia there are two chiefs acknowledged by all the tribes. The chief of the Kashkai tribe, which numbers more than 25,000 tents, is obliged by the government to reside at Shiraz, as a hostage for the good behavior of his clan, though otherwise free to live as he pleases. The Iliyat women are said to be chaste, and many of the best families in Persia are of Iliyat origin. The present royal family is of the Ka- jar tribe, a Turkish iel, which came into Per- sia with Tamerlane. SeeMounsey's "Journey through the Caucasus and the Interior of Per- sia" (London, 1872), and Markham's "History of Persia" (London, 1874). ILKESTON, a town of Derbyshire, England, 9 m. N. E. of Derby, on the Erwash Valley rail- way; pop. in 1871, 9,662. It is rapidly in- creasing in population, and contains a fine old parish church and a mechanics' institute and library. Hosiery and silk fabrics are manu- factured, and coal is mined. ILLE-ET-YILAINE, a N. W. department of France, in Brittany, bounded N. by the Eng- lish channel, and bordering on the departments of Manche, Mayenne, Loire-Inferieure, Morbi- han, and C6tes-du-Nord ; area, 2,596 sq. in.; pop. in 1872, 589,532. It is named after its principal rivers, the Ille and Vilaine, the latter flowing W. and S. W. through this department and Morbihan to the Atlantic, and partly navi- gable, and the former joining it from the north at Rennes. It is traversed from W. to E. by the Armoric hills or Menez mountains. The surface is irregular, and the soil generally poor. Flax and hemp are extensively cultivated ; to- bacco is grown to some extent, as are grapes and other fruit. The fisheries are important, and excellent oysters are found in the bay of Cancale. Several iron mines are worked; slate, quartz, limestone, and granite are quar- ried ; lead and copper ore are found ; mineral springs are numerous. The manufactures con- sist chiefly of coarse linen and sail cloth. The coasting trade is active. It is one of the poor- est French departments. It is divided into the arrondissements of Rennes, Fougeres, Mont- fort, St. Malo, Vitre, and Redon. The princi- pal seaport is St. Malo. Capital, Rennes. ILLINOIS, a tribe of North American Indians, of the- Algonquin family, comprising the Peo- rias, Moingwenas, Kaskaskias, Tamaroas, and Cahokias. At an early period, aided perhaps by the Delawares on the east, they drove the Quapaws, a Dakota tribe whom they styled Arkansas, from the Ohio to the southern Mis- sissippi. About 1640 they nearly exterminated the Winnebagoes. They were at war with the Iroquois from about 1656, and with the Sioux soon after. The French, by their missionaries, first met the Illinois at Chegoimegon on Lake Superior in 1667; in 1672 Marquette found the Peorias and Moingwenas in three towns west of the Mississippi, near the Des Moines, as well as Peorias and Kaskaskias on the Illi- nois. The Tamaroas were on the Mississippi, and a tribe called the Michigameas, who seem to have been really Quapaws, also belonged to the confederacy. The Illinois at this time were numerous and brave, expert bowmen, but not canoe men. They moved off to the plains beyond the Mississippi in villages for a short summer hunt, and for a winter hunt of