Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IV.djvu/687

 CLEVELAND 675 into four smaller squares by the extension of Superior street from E. to W. and of Ontario street from N. to S. The square is shaded with trees, and is carefully kept. In the N. W. corner there is a handsome fountain ; in the S. W., a pool and cascade ; in the centre stands a statue of Commodore Perry, the hero of the battle of Lake Erie, erected in 1860 at a cost of $8,000. The pedestal is of Ehode Island granite 12 ft. high ; the statue itself is of Italian marble, and is 8 ft. 2 in. high. In front of the pedestal is a marble medallion, representing the passage of Perry in a small boat from the Lawrence to the Niagara during the battle. West of the river is another park, called the Circle, which has a fountain in the centre, and is finely adorned with shade trees. The city cemetery is on Erie street; it is laid out with rectangular walks, shaded with trees, and contains many tasteful monuments. Woodlawn cemetery, more recently opened, is on the E. boundary of the city. It is pret- tily laid out, with paths winding among the native trees, and is rich in monuments and statuary. Lake View cemetery, containing 300 acres, 250 ft. above the level of the lake, was opened in 1870, on Euclid avenue, about 5 m. from the city. There is also a Roman Catholic cemetery, and a fifth on the W. side of the city. The water works stand near the lake, W. of the river, and to Jan. 1, 1870, had cost $798,243 52. By means of a tunnel 5 ft. 2 in. high and 5 ft. wide, extending 6,600 ft. under the lake, pure water is obtained, which is forced by two powerful engines into a large reservoir, occupying the highest point W. of the river, whence it is distributed through the city. The United States building, containing the custom house, post office, and federal courts, the county court house, and the city hall are fine buildings of stone. Case hall, a beautiful edifice near the park, built in 1866, contains, besides the rooms of the Cleve- land library association, a hall capable of seat- ing 1,500 persons. The house of correction, on the E. border of the city, is a large and splen- did building. The Cleveland medical college occupies an imposing structure on the corner of Erie and St. Clair streets. The city infirm- ary is five stories high, and cost $25,000. The union railway depot, a massive stone structure, built in 1866, is one of the largest buildings of the kind in the world. The two high school buildings are handsome edifices of brick and stone, and several of the churches are note- worthy structures. Several bridges cross the Cuyahoga, connecting the different portions of the city, and there are seven street railroad
 * companies. The steam railroads terminating

at or passing through Cleveland are as follows: the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern ; Cleve- land, Columbus, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis ; Atlantic and Great Western (Mahoning divi- sion) ; Cleveland and Pittsburgh ; and Cleve- land, Mt. Vernon, and Delaware. These roads and the canal connect the city with the coal fields and grain districts of the state, and the oil region of Pennsylvania, while several lines of steamboats run to the various lake ports. The trade with the Lake Superior mining re- gion is important, and large quanties of copper and iron ore are shipped thence to this port. The trade in wool and lumber is also extensive. The following table exhibits the receipts and shipments of bituminous coal, in tons of 2,000 Ibs., from 1865 to 1870: YEARS. Received by i-anal. Received by rail. Total receipts. Shipments. Consumed at Cleveland. 1865. 1866. 1867. 1868. 1869. 1870. 158,112 171,569 125,192 197,475 225,401 120,000 807,488 404,826 444,814 547.!)t>4 685,211 774,000 i<;ii..v>o 576,893 632.016 745,489 910,621 894,000 214,887 279,840 824,027 392,388 896,067 482,390 245,713 >>M.r,w 297,989 358,051 r>-24.r>nr> 411,610 The trade in anthracite coal amounts to about 10,000 tons per annum. The foreign trade is exclusively with Canada. The imports for the year ending June 30, 1872, amounted to $584,- 576; the exports were valued at $893,172. There were entered from foreign countries 312 American vessels, of 86,753 tons, and 252 foreign vessels, of 46,479 tons; cleared xfor for- eign ports, 274 American vessels, of 52,693 tons, and 269 foreign vessels, of 47,316 tons; entered in the coastwise trade, 599 steamers, of 395,174 tons, and 2,289 sailing vessels, of 450,501 tons; cleared, 590 steamers, of 396,618 tons, and 2,333 sailing vessels, of 467,234 tons. The total number of vessels cleared in 1863 was 3,109, with an aggregate tonnage of 1,112,696; in 1872, 3,466, with an aggregate tonnage of 963,861. In the latter year there were registered, enrolled, and licensed at this port 446 vessels, of 66,013 tons, including 181 sailing vessels of 40,076 tons, 60 steamers of 15,294 tons, 201 canal boats of 10,173 tons, and four barges of 469 tons. There were built during the year 5 sailing vessels of 2,229 tons, and 2 steamers of 1,598 tons. The manufac- tures, particularly of iron and coal oil, are very important. In the production of refined petro- leum the city is second only to Pittsburgh. Other important products are sulphuric acid, wooden ware, agricultural implements, marble and stone, grindstones, railroad cars, and white lead. Pork packing is also carried on to some extent, 36,415 hogs having been packed during the season of 1870-'71, and 35,010 in 187l-'2. There are 50 incorporated companies (chiefly manufacturing), of which 38 have an aggregate capital of $11,690,000. Ac- cording to the census of 1870 there were 1,149 manufacturing establishments in Cuyahoga county, most of them in Cleveland ; steam en- gines, 274, of 9,388 horse power ; water wheels, 55, of 2,179 horse power; hands employed, 10,063; capital invested, $13,645,018; wages paid, $4,539,065; value of materials, $16,861,- 357; of products, $27,049,012. The following table exhibits the principal manufactures :