Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IV.djvu/668

 656 CLAYBORNE CLAYTON tive body," said a political opponent in the senate, "Mr. Clay had no equal in America. In him, intellect, person, reason, eloquence, and courage united to form a character fit to command. He fired with his own enthusiasm, and controlled by his amazing will, individuals and masses." Mr. Clay married in 1799 Lu- cretia Hart, who died April 6, 1864, at the age of 83 years. To them were born six daughters, of whom the last died in 1835, and five sons. Of the latter, HENRY, born in 1811, was killed at the battle of Buena Vista, Feb. 23, 1847. JAMES B., born in 1817, was a rep- resentative in congress in 1857-'9 from the dis- trict formerly represented by his father, and died in Montreal, Jan. 26, 1864. THOMAS HART, born in 1803, was appointed by Presi- dent Lincoln minister to Nicaragua, and after- ward to Honduras; he died at Lexington, Ky., March 18, 1871. The speeches and writings of Mr. Clay have been published in several col- lections, but the most complete edition with a biography is by the Rev. Calvin Colton (6 vols., New York, 1857; revised ed., 1864). (LAY BORNE, William, one of the settlers of Virginia, and a member of the council and secretary of that colony. In 1627 the gov- ernor of Virginia gave him authority to dis- cover the head of Chesapeake bay, or any part of Virginia lying between lat. 34 and 41 N. In 1631 Charles I. granted him a license to make discoveries and trade. He established a trading post on Kent island in Chesapeake bay, not far from the site of the present capital of Maryland, Annapolis. A dispute soon ari- sing between Lord Baltimore, the proprie- tary, and Virginia, the privy council left the parties to the course of law. Clayborne con- tinued to claim Kent island and to repudiate the jurisdiction of the infant Maryland ; and at length Lord Baltimore gave orders for his ar- rest. An engagement took place, April 23, 1635, between a small armed vessel cruising under the auspices of Clayborne and two vessels sent out by the Marylanders. One of the Marylanders being killed, Clayborne, al- though not arrested, was indicted and found guilty of murder, piracy, and sedition con- structive crimes inferred from his determined opposition and obstinate insubordination. He took refuge in the more settled part of Vir- ginia, and his estate on Kent island was seized by the Maryland authorities as forfeited. Sir John Harvey, governor of Virginia, refusing to surrender Clayborne to the Maryland commis- sioners, he went over to England, accompanied by witnesses, to have the matter investigated. He presented to Charles I. a petition setting forth his grievances; and in 1638 the king se- verely reprimanded Lord Baltimore for hav- ing, in violation of his royal commands, ousted Clayborne from his rightful possessions in Kent island and slain several persons inhabit- ing there. Nevertheless, in the ensuing year the lords commissioners of plantations, with Archbishop Laud at their head, made a deci- sion absolutely in favor of Lord Baltimore. In 1645 Clayborne at the head of a body of reso- lute insurgents expelled Leonard Calvert, depu- ty governor, and seized the reins of his di- minutive government. In the following year Calvert, who in his turn had fled to Virginia, was reinstated, yet Clayborne escaped with impunity. In 1651 he was appointed by the English council of state one of the commis- sioners for the reduction of Virginia to obe- dience to the commonwealth of England, and he subsequently took part in reducing Mary- land also. Shortly after Clayborne was made secretary of state of Virginia, and held that office until after the restoration, when he was succeeded by Thomas Ludwell. During Ba- con's rebellion he was a member of the court martial that sat upon the trial of the rebel prisoners. He lived in the county of New Kent, and it is probable that he died there at an advanced age. As an explorer he was ad- venturous and indefatigable ; and he was fear- less, energetic, and indomitable in defence of the rights of Virginia. His descendants are numerous, and are found in various parts of the United States, and several of them have been distinguished men. The name is now spelt Claiborne. CLAYS, Paul Jean, a Belgian painter, born in Bruges in 1819. He studied with Gudin in Paris, and has devoted himself chiefly to ma- rine painting. His chief works comprise " The j Catarina, Portuguese xebec, disabled, in sight of a French fleet," "The Entrance of Queen Victoria into the Port of Ostend," "The Coast of Flanders," " The Environs of Le Treport," and " The Dike of Ostend." CLAYTON. I. A W. central county of Geor- gia, bounded S. "W. by Flint river ; area, about 150 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 5,477, of whom 1,743 were colored. The surface is diversified, and in parts the soil is fertile. It is traversed by the Macon and Western railroad ; the At- lanta and West Point railroad touches the N. W. corner. The chief productions in 1870 were 13,814 bushels of wheat, 64,319 of Indian corn, 8,714 of oats, 6,924 of sweet potatoes, and 1,221 bales of cotton. There were 292 horses, 683 milch cows, 1,072 other cattle, and 2,599 swine. Capital, Jonesborough. II. A N. E. county of Iowa, bordering on Wisconsin, bounded E. by the Mississippi river, and inter- sected by -Turkey river; area, about 760 sq, m. ; pop. in 1870, 27,771. There are lead mines in the southeast ; the woodlands are ex- tensive, and water power is abundant. Fertile prairies occupy a great part of the surface. The McGregor and Missouri River railroad passes through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 1,073,219 bushels of wheat, 940,784 of Indian corn, 623,459 of oats, 57,254 of bar- ley, 135,794 of potatoes, 31,290 tons of hay, 716,298 Ibs. of butter, and 33,491 of wool. There were 8,988 horses, 8,761 milch cows, 11,346 other cattle, 11,891 sheep, and 29,186 swine; 10 flour mills, 10 saw mills, 11 carriage