Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IV.djvu/648

 636 CLARK Enterprise. II. An E. central county of Ken- tucky; area, 210 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 10,882, of whom 3,715 were colored. It is bounded S. by Kentucky and Red rivers, of which the for- mer is navigable, and the latter furnishes good water power. The surface is hilly and broken, and much of the soil exceedingly fertile. Hy- draulic limestone is the principal rock. The Elizabeth, Lexington, and Big Sandy railroad is to pass through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 38,692 bushels of wheat, 36,636 of rye, 774,210 of Indian corn, 38,810 of oats, 20,- 161 of potatoes, 3,495 tons of hay, 137,150 Ibs. of butter, and 32,886 of wool. There were 4,046 horses, 1,897 mules and asses, 3,901 milch cows, 12,879 other cattle, 8,054 sheep, and 17,328 swine. There were 5 manufactories of carriages, 1 of cheese, 1 flour mill, 4 saw mills, and 2 distilleries. Capital, "Winchester. III. A S. W. central county of Ohio ; area, 380 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 32,070. It is intersected by Mad river, and drained by a number of smaller streams. The surface is diversified, and the soil fertile, well watered, and plentifully sup- plied with timber. It is traversed by the Cin- cinnati, Sandusky, and Cleveland railroad and its London branch, by the Pittsburgh, Cincin- nati, and St. Louis road and its Xenia and Springfield branch, by the Atlantic and Great Western, and the Springfield branch of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati, and Indian- apolis railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 600,732 bushels of wheat, 1,204,559 of Indian corn, 227,994 of oats, 94,539 of potatoes, 23,561 tons of hay, 449,334 Ibs. of butter, 259,- 742 of wool, and 283,360 of flax. There were 6,716 horses, 5,845 milch cows, 9,130 other cattle, 54,225 sheep, and 23,410 swine. There were 11 manufactories of agricultural imple- ments, 18 of carriages and wagons, 5 of iron castings, 7 of machinery, 2 of paints, 2 of wool- len goods, 16 flour mills, 4 manufactories of boots and shoes, 9 of bricks, 1 of furniture, 5 of lime, 4 of saddlery and harness, 1 of tobacco and snuff, 2 breweries, and 4 saw mills. Capi- tal, Springfield. IV. An E. county of Illinois, intersected by several streams ; area, 460 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 18,719. It borders on Indi- ana, and is bounded S. E. by the Wabash river, here navigable by steamboats. Stone coal is found near its banks. Alternate tracts of for- est and prairie land occupy the surface, and the soil, much of which is devoted to grazing purposes, is very fertile. The St. Louis, Van- dalia, Terre Haute, and Indianapolis railroad passes through the county. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 195,118 bushels of wheat, 614,582 of Indian corn, 212,628 of oats, 49,737 of potatoes, 18,076 tons of hay, 218,799 Ibs. of butter, 69,468 of wool, and 40,126 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 6,320 horses, 4,169 milch cows, 7,134 other cattle, 23,607 sheep, and 18,771 swine. There were 18 manufactories of carriages. 8 of furniture, 2 of woollen goods, 9 flour mills, and 6 saw mills. Capital, Marshall. V. A W. central county of "Wisconsin, intersected by Black river, and watered by L'Eau Claire river ; area, 1,548 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,450. The surface is hilly, and the soil fertile. The western divi- sion of the Milwaukee and St. Paul railroad touches the S. W. corner. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 12,103 bushels of wheat, 9,511 of Indian corn, 34,997 of oats, 17,817 of potatoes, and 3,846 tons of hay. The value of live stock was $127,673. There were 10 saw mills. Capital, Neilsville. CLARK, Abraham, an American patriot, one of the signers of the Declaration of Indepen- dence, born at Elizabethtown, N. J., Feb. 15, 1726, died at Rahway, Sept. 15, 1794. Hav- ing received an excellent education, particu- larly in mathematics and civil law, he chose the occupations of surveying and conveyanc- ing. He held several important local oflices under the colonial government, but upon the first appearance of resistance to the aggres- sions of the mother country, he took an active jmrt in sustaining the rights of the colonists. lie was a member of the committee of public safety in Elizabethtown, and on June 21, 1776, was appointed by the provincial congress one of the five delegates from New Jersey to the continental congress. In November of the same year ho was reelected and served as a member of the continental congress, with the exception of the session of 1779, until November, 1783. In 1788 he again took his seat in the national legislature, lie was one of the commissioners in the convention which met at Annapolis, Sept. 11, 1786, for the purpose of reporting a uni- form system of commercial intercourse and reg- ulations, for ratification by the several states ; and on May 8 in the following year he was appointed one of the commissioners to rep- resent New Jersey in the convention which framed the federal constitution. Ill health prevented his attendance at the sessions of that assembly, but in 1790 he was elected a mem- ber of the second congress, and retained his seat until a short time before his death. A monument to his memory was erected in the cemetery at Rahway, July 4, 1848. CLARK, Alvan, an American artist and opti- cian, born in Ashfield, Mass., March 8, 1804. A farmer's boy, his self-taught skill gained for him at the age of 22 the situation of a calico engraver at Lowell. After nine years' em- ployment in this business at various places, he became a successful portrait painter in Boston. When over 40 years of age he became inter- ested in telescopes, and, assisted by his sons, has been very successful in producing instru- ments of great accuracy. No. 9 of vol. xvii. of the " Proceedings of the Royal Astronom- ical Society" of London contains a list of discoveries made by him with telescopes of his own manufacture. He is also the inventoi of a double eyepiece, an ingenious and valu- able method of measuring small celestial arcs, from 3' to 60'. In 1863 the French academy of sciences awarded to him the Lalande prize