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 CHIPMUNK CHIPPEWA 489 ington judge of the United States court for the district of Vermont. In 1793 he published a small work entitled " Sketches of the Princi- ples of Government," and a volume of ''Re- ports and Dissertations," containing reports of cases decided while he was chief justice, with dissertations on the statute adopting the common law of England, the statute of offsets on negotiable notes, and the statute of con- veyances. He resigned his office in 1793, and resumed practice till October, 1796, when he was again elected chief justice of the state su- preme court. In 1796 he was appointed one of a committee to revise a code of statute laws for Vermont. The revised laws of 1797 were written by him. In 1797 he was elected a senator in congress. In 1813 he was chosen one of the council of censors to examine the state constitution and to propose amendments. In the same year he was again elected chief jus- tice of the supreme court, and continued in office two years. From 1816 to 1843 he was professor of law in Middlebury college. In 1833 he published " Principles of Government ; a Treatise on Free Institutions, including the Con- stitution of the United States," containing por- tions of his former treatise. II. Daniel, LL. D., an American jurist, brother of the preceding, born at Salisbury, Conn., in 1762, died at Rip- ton, Vt., April 23, 1850. He was educated at Dartmouth college, was admitted to the bar at Middlebury, Vt., in 1790, and there practised law for many years. He was state's attorney for Addison county for eight years subsequent to 1797, for a long period represented Middle- bury in the legislature, and was a member of congress in 1815-'17. He was professor of law and jurisprudence in Middlebury college from 1806 to 1816, when he was succeeded by his brother Nathaniel. He was the first offi- cial reporter of the decisions of the supreme court of Vermont, and in 1824-'5 published two volumes of reports. In 1822 he published " An Essay on the Law of Contracts for the Payment of Specific Articles;" in 1849, me- moirs of Col. Seth Warner and Gov. Thomas Chittenden ; and in 1846, a biography of Na- thaniel Chipman. CHIPMUNK, the name usually given to the ground squirrel (tamias, Illig). The ground squirrels have cheek pouches extending to the hind head and opening internally; the tail is shorter than the body, the feet large, with well developed claws for digging, and the anterior basal plate of the zygoma perforated by a near- ly circular foramen ; the permanent upper molars are four ; the tail is not bushy, and there are three to five longitudinal stripes on the back. They burrow in the ground near the roots of trees, and their nest is well sup- plied with winter food. They form a connect- ing link between the squirrels proper and the spermophiles or prairie squirrels. The com- mon American ground, striped, or cheeping squirrel, chipmunk, or hackee (71 striatw), has the body 5 to 6 in. long, and the tail about 44 ; on the back and sides are five longitudinal black stripes, not extending over the rump, the outer two on each side separated only by a white line ; rump pale chestnut, and the upper parts generally finely grizzled yellowish gray and brown ; lids and under parts white, and a downy white spot behind the ears. It varies but little, and is found from Canada and Lake Superior to Virginia and Missouri. It is lively, playful, and busy, and may be said to occupy among mammals the place of the wren among birds ; it is very commonly seen running along the fences and walls in New England, cheeping like a young chicken, the cheek pouches dis- tended with nuts or seeds, occasionally stop- ping and standing upright, watching against enemies, and disappearing in some hole at the least alarm. The young are born in May, four or five at a birth.. They are scarcely injurious to the farmer, not disturbing the grain before it is ripe, and only gleaning after the harvest ; they feed chiefly on nuts, wheat, buckwheat, Indian corn, cherry stones, and grass seeds, with which their winter burrows are plenti- Chipmunk. fully supplied. They are easily captured in traps, but are not readily tamed, and are rare- ly seen in cages. Their worst enemy is the weasel, which pursues them into their bur- rows. The Missouri chipmunk (T. quadrimt- tatus) is smaller, with the intervals between the stripes all grayish white; beneath it is dirty grayish white, and the general color is more ferruginous; it most resembles the T. Pallasii of N. Asia and Siberia, and occurs about and west of the Rocky mountains. Other species are found on the Pacific coast. CHIPPFJV'HAM, a municipal and parliamentary borough of Wiltshire, England, on the left bank of the Avon, crossed here by a bridge of 22 arches, 12 m. N. E. of Bath ; pop. in 1871, 8,282. It is a handsome town, with an ancient Gothic parish church. Schools are numerous, and there are several charitable institutions. Tanning and malting are carried on, and there are extensive iron works. Silk and wool are manufactured to some extent, but the latter industry has much declined. Mineral springs are in the vicinity. CHIPPEWA, a river of Wisconsin, called by the Indians the Ojibway, or Ojibbeway. It