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 CHAPELAIN CHAPIN 267 to women except at the risk of excommunica- tion. The music of the chapels of Louis XIV. and other French sovereigns was remarkable for its beauty, and the term chapelmaster is hence often applied on the continent to leaders of orchestras. Chapelles ardentes were laid out with great splendor for the celebration of the funerals of French sovereigns, and date from the earliest Christian ages. One of the most magnificent of the kind was that built for receiving the ashes of Napoleon I. when they were brought in 1840 to Paris from St. Helena. There are at this day five categories of chapels in France : simples or communales, vicariats de secours, domestiques, and those inside of churches. In Kome, besides the renowned Sis- tine chapel, there is that of San Andrea della Valle, which is said to have been built on the spot of St. Sebastian's martyrdom. The chapel dedicated to St. Clement is associated with a legend that it was built by angels, and sud- denly appeared on the spot, from which the sea had just retreated, upon the drowning of the saint by order of Trajan. In England, at the present day, dissenting places of worship are generally called chapels, and there are parochial chapels distinct from the parish church ; while on the continent of Europe An- glican churches, being generally small, are designated as chapels. Chapels of ease exist in large English parishes for the accommoda- tion of neighboring worshippers; and there are private chapels in many residences of no- ble families in England, as well as at many foreign legations in various countries. In Roman Catholic churches chapels are often set aside and dedicated to services in honor of particular saints. The knights of the chapel, or poor knights of Windsor, were designated in the will of Henry VIII. for attending royal funerals. Their number has been increased from 13 to 26. They are under the authority of the canons of Windsor, and receive pensions from the order of the garter. They wear the arms of St. George and a red or blue cloak. The famous chapels of Italy and other coun- tries are mentioned in the articles upon the respective localities to which they belong. CHAPELAIN, Jean, a French poet, born in Paris, Dec. 4, 1595, died there, Feb. 22, 1674. His father wished him to adopt his own pro- fession of notary; but his mother, who had known Ronsard, roused his literary ambition, and he studied foreign languages and also med- icine. He became a teacher of Spanish, and afterward was for 17 years in the service of the family of M. de la Trousse, grand provost of France, first as tutor and afterward as stew- ard. After the arrival in Paris of Marini, the Italian poet, he wrote a preface for his Adone, translated into French Guzman de Alfarache, and dedicated odes to Richelieu, Mazarin, and other prominent men (1646- J 57). Richelieu gave him a pension of 5,000 francs for his les- sons in poetry, and consulted him in regard to the foundation of the academy, of which Chape- lain was one of the first members. He regu- lated its functions, drew up the plan of a dic- tionary and a grammar, and was the literary reviewer of Le Cid on behalf of the new insti- tution. In 1672 Colbert employed him in defining the position of contemporary writers for the guidance of the king in awarding pen- sions. His prose was better than his verse, and his La Pucelle, on which he had been engaged for 20 years, made him the butt of Boileau, and later of Voltaire, whose kindred work was published by him as a parody of Chapelain's. Nevertheless, after the publication of the first 12 cantos in 1656, six editions were rapidly sold within 18 months. The remaining 12 cantos were never published ; the MS. of the whole work, revised by the author, is preserved in the national library, and several other MS. copies of the last 12 cantos are extant. He was a friend of Boileau, La Fontaine, Racine, and Moliere. The last named, whom he had aided in his earlier comedies, dispensed with his lite- rary assistance after Chapelain's luckless at- tempt in preparing for him a scene of Lea facheux. He was however extremely popu- lar, and his eulogy was pronounced by D'Alem- bert. He was a gourmet, and was said to have chiefly admired his mistress Mme. Chouars be- cause of her excellent wines. His and Bachau- mont's experience as fellow travellers are re- corded in the Voyage de Chapelle et BacJiau- mont, one of his most popular works. Tenant de Latour published in 1854 his posthumous poems, together with Le voyage d'Encausse. A comic opera based upon the adventures of Chapelle and Bachaumont, was produced under that title in Paris in 1858. CHAPEL HILL, a post village of Orange CO., North Carolina, 28 m. N. W. of Raleigh ; pop. in 1870, 2,799. It occupies a healthy and agreeable site on the New Hope river, an afflu- ent of the Cape Fear, and is the seat of the university of North Carolina, an institution founded in 1789. (See NOETH CAROLINA, vol. xii., p. 494.) CHAPIJf, Edwin Hnbbell, D. D., an American clergyman, born at Union Village, Washington co., N. Y., Dec. 29, 1814. Having finished his preparatory studies at a seminary in Benning- ton, Vt., he commenced preaching in Rich- mond, Va., where he became pastor of a congregation composed of Unitarians and Uni- versalists. In 1840 he removed to Charles- town, Mass., in 1846 to Boston, and in 1848 to New York, where he was installed as pastor of the fourth Universalist church. Of this or- ganization he still remains pastor, although the location of its place of worship has been twice changed during his pastorate. It first occupied a church in Murray street, which had been used for many years by a Dutch Reformed congregation ; in 1842 the society removed to an edifice on Broadway, built for and long occupied by the Unitarian church of All Souls ; and in 1866 completed the erection of its pres- ent house of worship in Fifth avenue at the