Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume IV.djvu/268

 260 CHANDLER CHANDOS Tilehurst, Berkshire, Feb. 9, 1810. He studied at Winchester and Oxford, held various livings in Hants, travelled extensively in Asia Minor, Greece, and other countries, and in 1800 was appointed rector at Tilehurst, where he spent the rest of his life. His works include a cele- brated edition, undertaken under the auspices of the Oxford university, of the Marmora Oxo- niensia (1763); "The Ionian Antiquities, or Ruins of Magnificent and Famous Buildings in Ionia," published jointly with the artists Revett and Pars, his fellow travellers, as the result of their explorations under the auspices of the dilettanti society (2 vols. fol., London, 1769- 1800); and Inscriptions Antique, &c. (Oxford, 1774). He left a life of William Waynflete, bishop of Winchester, and founder of Magda- len college, which was published in 1811. His most remarkable productions are his " Travels in Asia Minor" (Oxford, 1775), and in Greece (1770), which proved very useful to Barthele- inyin the preparation of his Anacharsis. Ser- vois and Barbie du Bocnge corrected some of the errors of these works in their French translation (3 vols., Riom, 1806). A new Eng- lish edition, with notes by Revett, was publish- ed by the Rev. R. Churton, with a biography of the author (2 vols. 8vo, 1835). Chandler also prepared, in vindication of Houaer's descrip- tions, a " History of Ilium, or Troy," as a con- tinuation of these works (first part, London, 1802). CHANDLER, Samuel, an English theologian, born at Hungerford, Berkshire, in 1698, died in London, May 8, 1 766. He was the son of a non- conformist clergyman, and had for fellow pu- pils Joseph Butler, author of the " Analogy," and Thomas Seeker, afterward archbishop of Canterbury. He completed his studies in Ley- den, and became Presbyterian minister at Peckham. The South sea bubble of 1720 swal- lowing up his wife's fortune, he embarked in the book trade in London, while continuing to preach, and was selected with Dr. Lardner as an evening lecturer to a dissenting congrega- tion in the Old Jewry, of which he was chosen pastor in .1726, and remained so till his death, 40 years after. He received the degree of D. D. from the universities of Edinburgh and Glasgow, and was a member of the royal and antiquarian societies. In 1760 he delivered a sermon on the death of George II., in which that monarch was likened to David ; whereupon a pamphlet appeared, embodying Bayle's disparaging esti- mate of the Hebrew king. Chandler replied to the pamphlet, and was thus led to write his " Critical History of David " (2 vols., London, 1766), which is his most elaborate work. He wrote " A Vindication of the Christian Reli- gion " (1725), "A History of Persecution" (1786), and several volumes of commentaries on different books of the Bible. A collection of his sermons was published after his death (4 vols. 8vo, 1768). CHANDLER, Thomas Bradbury, D. D., an Amer- ican clergyman, born at Woodstock, Conn., April 26, 1726, died at Elizabethtown, N. J., June 17, 1790. He graduated at Yale college in 1745, in 1747 was appointed catechist and lay reader in St. John's church, Elizabethtown, N. J., and in 1751 went to England for the purpose of receiving episcopal ordination. Up- on his return he was made rector of St John's church, and in 1766 received the degree of D. D. from the university of Oxford. In the discussions which preceded the war of the rev- olution, he rendered himself unpopular by ad- vocating the claims of the British government. Partly on this account, and partly to obtain medical advice, he went to England in 1775, where he remained 10 years, occupying him- self in study and writing, and receiving a sal- ary of 50 from the society for the propagation of the gospel, and an annuity of 200 from the British government, which after his death con- ferred a pension upon his widow. On the conclusion of peace in 1783, his congregation requested him to resume his position as their rector. He returned to Elizabetlitown in 1785, but in exceedingly ill health. A cancerous affection had developed itself upon his face, which greatly disfigured him, and in conse- quence he declined the bishopric of Nova Sco- tia, which had been offered him while in Eng- land. After his return to America he never attempted to perform any public service, but occasionally walked out with his face covered by a handkerchief. The vestry did not think proper, however, to appoint another rector, and in compliance with their request he con- sented to retain the station during his life. He was a zealous defender of Episcopacy, and in 1767 published "An Appeal to the Public in behalf of the Church of England in Amer- ica." Soon after the appearance of this work it was attacked simultaneously from various quarters, and among others by Dr. Chauncy of Boston, who published an answer in behalf of the non-Episcopal churches. To this Chandler replied in 1769 ; Chauncy rejoined, and in 1771 Chandler responded in a third pamphlet. < II IMMts. Sir John, an English soldier, born at Radborne early in the 14th century, fell in battle at Lussac, Poitou, in 1369. He was the elder son of Sir Edward Chandos, and one of the original knights of the garter. He dis- tinguished himself at Cr6cy and Poitiers, and received from Edward III., besides other fa- vors, a barony and the title of vice chamber- lain. The victory at Auray in 1364, in favor of the earl of Montfort, son-in-law of Edward III., as duke of Brittany, against Charles de Blois, was chiefly due to his valor. He pro- cured the liberation of his antagonist Bertrand du Guesclin, won renown on various other occasions, and became constable of Aquitaine and seneschal of Poitou. The king of France exclaimed on his death that Chandos was the only warrior who could have made peace between him and Edward. He was buried at Mortemer, near Neufchiitel. Froissart and other historians praise his virtues and heroism.