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 BORECOLE BORGIIESE 93 and brother of Hesperus, Zephyriis, and Notus, dwelling in a cave of Mount Hremus in Thrace. He carried off Orithyia, daughter of Erech- theus, by whom he begot Zetes, Calais, and Cleopatra, who are called Boreadee. In the Persian war Boreas destroyed the ships of the invaders, and hence was worshipped at Athens, where a festival, Boreasmi, was instituted in his honor. He was represented with wings, which, as well as his hair and beard, were full of flakes of snow ; instead of feet he had the tails of serpents, and with the train of his gar- ment he stirred up clouds of dust. BORECOLE, a variety of cabbage, known also as kale and German greens, celebrated for ten- derness and delicate flavor. Wild cabbage, or brassica oleracea, to which species borecole be- longs, is met with in abundance in many parts of Europe. It is very common in the southern Borecole. part of Turkey, especially about Mount Athos. It is also found in Great Britain, on the coast of Kent, near Dover, on the Yorkshire coasts, in Cornwall and Wales, and on the Isle of Wight. In other places it forms a broad-leav- ed glaucous plant, with a somewhat woody stem, having but little likeness to its cultivated progeny. KOItl I.I I, Giovanni Alfonso, an Italian mathe- matician and physician, born at Castelnuovo, near Naples, Jan. 28, 1608, died in Rome, Dec. 81, 1679. He was professor of mathematics in Messina and in Pisa, became in Rome a favorite of Queen Christina of Sweden, taught mathe- matics (1677-'9) at the convent of St. Panta- loon, and was a member of the accademia del Cimento. He was one of the leaders of the iatro-mathematical school, and employed him- self diligently in the dissection of animals with a view of explaining their functions upon math- ematical principles. He invented a diving apparatus, excelled as an astronomer, wrote extensively on medicine, mathematics, and as- tronomy, and also published a scientific account of the eruption of Mt. Etna (1669). The first part of his principal work, De Motu Anima- lium(2 vols., Rome, 1680-'81), skilfully applies the principles of mechanics to the exposition of the movements of the body ; but the second part is regarded as fallacious in respect to the application of mechanical principles to the ac- tion of the heart, lungs, liver, and other viscera. This work was long regarded as a standard au- thority by the iatro-mathematical school. BORGERHOIIT, a town of Belgium, in the province and 3 m. E. of Antwerp; pop. in 1866, 10,787. It is well built, and has bleach- ing and dyeing works, and manufactures of woollen goods and tobacco. BORGET, August?, a French painter, born at Issondun, Aug. 30, 1808. He studied under eminent masters, and in 1836 produced his first work, the "Banks of the Tiber." He made a journey round the world, and published illus- trated albums of his travels, including La Chine et lea Chinois (1842), and Fragments ffun toy- age autonr du monde (1845-'6). He also ex- ecuted over 200 designs for La Chine ouverte, by Old-Nick (1845), and contributed to illus- trated journals. He has painted many genre pictures and landscapes on Chinese, Hindoo, and other foreign subjects. BORGIIESE, the name of a patrician family of Siena, Tuscany, which came into prominence about the middle of the 15th century. Marco Antonio Borghese settled in Rome in the early part of the 16th century, and became an advo- cate of the papal court. His third son, Camil- lo, became Pope Paul V. in 1605, and did much for the advancement of his relatives. For Marco Antonio, a son of his elder brother, he procured the princedom of Sulmona and a grandeeship in Spain. His own brother Fran- cesco he made commander of the troops which he sent against Venice in 1607. Scipione Caflarelli, a nephew, he created cardinal. Paolo, the son of Marco Antonio, married Olimpia Aldobrandini, the only child of the prince of Rossano, and grand-niece of Clement VIII., who brought the wealth of the Aldo- brandini into the Borghese family. The son of Paolo, Giovanni Battista, was the ambassador of Philip V. to the court of Rome, where he died in 1717. His son, Marco Antonio, was viceroy of Naples in 1721, and another of the same name, descended from him, became a noted collector of works of art, with which he adorned his sumptuous villa near the Pincian hill. CAMILLO FILIPPO LUDOVICO, son of the art collector, born in Rome, July 19, 1775, died at Florence, April 10, 1832. He joined the French on their invasion of Italy and went to Paris, where in 1803 he married Marie Pauline, sister of Napoleon and widow of Gen. Leclerc. (See BONAPABTE.) In 1804 he was made a prince of the empire and received the grand cross of the legion of honor. He served in the Austrian war of 1805, and at its close received the title of duke of Guastalla, the duchy itself being bestowed on his wife. He took part also in the campaign of 1806-'7 against the Prussians and Russians ; but not long after, be- coming jealous of his wife, he separated from her and retired to Florence. He was, never- theless, after the peace of Tilsit in 1807, ap- pointed by the emperor governor general of the provinces beyond the Alps, which included