Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume III.djvu/758

 748 CAPE HATTEEAS CAPEL ancients as Elephas. Spices were in ancient times brought from the region near it, and its ancient name was given it on this account. CAPE HATTERAS, the easternmost point of North Carolina, projecting from a narrow sandy beach, separated from the mainland by the broad bay called Pamlico sound ; lat. 35 14' N., Ion. 75 30' W. 8. of the capes of the Delaware, no land stretches so far out into the Atlantic as Cape Hatteras. The Gulf stream, in its E. and W. vibrations, often flows within 20 m. of the cape, crowding coasting vessels bound 8., and consequently seeking to avoid the N. E. current, near to the shore. The difference of temperature between the hot airs of the gulf and the breezes along shore and from the land engenders frequent commo- tions in the atmosphere at this place ; and no point on the coast is more noted for its fre- quent and dangerous storms. There is a light- house li m. from the outermost point. CAPE RmiEN, or Ilaitieu (formerly Cape Frangais and Cape Henry), a seaport town on the N. coast of Hayti. Before the Haytian revolution broke out it was a handsome city, and some traces of its former elegance still re- main. It has the safest harbor of Hayti, tol- erably defended, and a fair trade with the United States, Great Britain, France, and Ger- many. In 1789 it had 18,500 inhabitants; be- fore the earthquake of 1842 it had still 9,000; in 1851 the population had diminished to about 6,000, but in 1871 it was estimated at 15,000. Upon the reorganization of the Cath- olic church Cape Haytien was made the seat of a bishopric. CAPE HENLOPEN, a promontory on the E. coast of Delaware, at the entrance of Delaware bay, 13 m. S. S. W. of Cape May; lat. 38 47' N., Ion. 75 5' 30" W. On it is situated a fixed light, 182 feet above the level of the sea. CAPE HENRY, a promontory on the coast of Virginia, at the 8. entrance of Chesapeake bay, ]2 m. S. by W. of Cape Charles; lat. 36 56' N., Ion. 76 4' W. It has a fixed light, 120 ft. above the level of the sea. CAPE HORN, a headland of an island of the Fuegian archipelago, commonly regarded as the S. extremity of America ; lat. 55 59' S., Cape Horn. Ion. 67 14' W. It is a steep, black rock, with bare and lofty sides and pointed summits. It was formerly considered a very dangerous place to pass, but the difficulties of "doubling the cape " are now far less formidable. It is no longer doubled, however, by steamers, which now always pass through the strait of Magellan. It was first discovered by the English naviga- tor Sir Francis Drake in 1578, unless he was anticipated, as is claimed, by Garcia Jofre de Loaya, a Spanish commodore, in 1525 ; but it was first doubled by the Dutch navigators Le- maire and Schouten, in 1616, the latter of whom gave it the name of his native city (Hoorn). APE ISLAND. See CAPE MAY. CAPEL, Arthur, lord, an English royalist, elected to the long parliament in 1640, be- headed March 9, 1649. He voted for the death of Strafford, and then, returning to the cause of Charles L, raised and maintained a troop in his interest, and fought against the parliamen- tarians at Bristol, Exeter, Taunton, and Col- chester. Captured in the last named city, he was condemned for treason, and met his death with firmness. He wrote " Daily Observations or Meditations, Divine, Moral, and Political." His son, also named ARTHUR, born in 1635, created earl of Essex by Charles II. in 1661, was lord lieutenant of Ireland, 1672-'6. After- ward' involving himself among the enemies of the court, he was arraigned for participation in the Eye House plot, and was found with his throat cut in the tower, July 13, 1683. CAPEL, Thomas John, an English Eoman Catho- lic clergyman, born in Brompton, Kent, Oct. 28, 1835. He received his early education at Lay- ston and at Hastings. In 1852, at the age of 17, he associated himself with a band of young men who, under the leadership of the Eev. J. M. Glennie, started at Hammersmith, London, a normal training college for the education of schoolmasters. Lord Edward Howard, brother to the late duke of Norfolk, and himself lately raised to the peerage, took great interest in this institution, and provided it with an annual competition and prize, en- tailing in favor of the successful candidate many valuable advantages. In 1856 Thomas Capel was appointed vice principal of the col- lege. In the same year he entered the eccle- siastical state, and was ordained priest in 1859 by Cardinal Wiseman. Immediately afterward he fell seriously ill, was obliged to resign his post as vice principal, and sent to seek restora- tion of health at Pau in the Pyrenees. He founded there a mission for English-speaking Catholics, and labored in it till November, 1869. The pope, as a mark of appreciation for this special work, in 1867 made Mr. Capel one of the honorary private chamberlains of his court (this office involving the Eoman title of monsignore), two years later raised him to the rank of private chamberlain, and in 1872 made him domestic prelate, a dignity giving him precedence equivalent to that of a bishop.