Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume III.djvu/757

 CAPE FEAR CAPE GUARDAFDT 747 Farewell, in lat. 59 49' N., Ion. 43 54' W. Tliis promontory occupies perhaps the most exposed situation of any point of land on the globe ; a strong current sets round it from E. to W., bringing down the E. coast of Green- land an immense body of ice, which sometimes presses together about the cape in such a way as to form a belt surrounding it, and extending more than 100 m. to sea on its three exposed sides. The ice generally appears in January and disappears in September. CAPE FEAR, the S. point of Smith's island, near the mouth of Cape Fear river, North Caro- lina ; lat. 33 48' N., Ion. 77 57' W. There is a lighthouse about a mile from the shore. CAPE FEAE RIVER, a stream formed by the union of Haw and Deep rivers at Haywood, Chatham co., N. C. It flows S. E. and enters the Atlantic by two channels, between which lies Smith's island. The water is from 10 to 14 ft. deep over the bar at the main entrance. This is the largest and most important river which lies wholly within the state, and the only one in North Carolina which flows di- rectly into the sea. It is navigable by steam- boats to Fayetteville, 120 m. from its mouth, and by means of dams and locks a communica- tion has been opened with the coal mines of Chatham co. At Averysborough the river falls over the ledge which separates the hilly from the low region of the state. After this it flows through a flat, sandy district, having extensive forests of pitch pine. Its length, including one of the head branches, is about 300 m. CAPEFIGUE, .Iran Baptist* Honore Raymond, a French historian, born in Marseilles in 1802, died in Paris in December, 1872. He early be- came a journalist in Paris and a prolific writer on historical subjects, mainly in the interest of reactionary institutions. Academical prizes were awarded to his Histoire de Philippe Au- ffuste (4 vols., 1829) and Histoire pliilosopJiique des Juifs depute la decadence des MachaJ)ees jusqu'a nos jours (1833). Prominent states- men assisted him in the compilation of his His- toire constitutionelle et administrative de la France depuis la mart de Philippe Auguste jusqu'd la Jin du regne de Louis XI. (4 vols., 1831-'3), and he subsequently published more than 70 volumes relating to various periods of history from Francis I. to Louis Philippe. After the downfall of the latter in 1848, he had no longer access to the archives of the foreign office. A second edition of his Diplo- mates europeens appeared in 1845, and lie pub- lished various other works, including several on the history of the Christian church (7 or 8 vols., 1850-'58) ; Histoire des rjrandes opera- tions financieres (4 vols., 1855-'8); and after 1858 a series of volumes relating to the mis- tresses of French kings, or reines de la main yttuche, and to female sovereigns, or reines de la main droite, as he proposed to group them together, though many of the volumes were published separately up to within a short pe- riod before his death. CAPE FINISTERRE (Lat. Finis Terra), a lofty headland, the most V. point of Spain, in the province of Corufla, extending from a small peninsula S. W. into the Atlantic in lat. 42 54' N., Ion. 9 21' W. It has given its name to two battles fought in its neighborhood be- tween the French and English, the first in 1747, and the second in 1805 ; both resulted in victories for the English. CAPE FRIO, a promontory of Brazil, 80 m. E. of Rio de Janeiro, in lat. 23 1' S., Ion. 41 58' W. It rises to a height of 1,570 ft. above the sea, and is formed of a rugged and picturesque mass of granite. A lighthouse stands upon it. The port of Cabo Frio is 8 m. N. N. W. of the cape. CAPE CATA (Sp. el eabo de Gata ; often called Cape de Gatte), a promontory of Spain, bound- ing the E. extremity of the bay of Almeria, on the coast of Granada, and consisting of rocks about 24 m. in circuit and 13 m. broad. The most celebrated of them, 15 m. S. E. of the city of Almeria, is the ancient Promontorium Chari- demi, the Moorish Kheyran, and is formed of crystals, spars, and agates. In the centre of the promontory are four adjoining hills, and the other parts are locally known as "the port of silver " (el puerto de la plata). The cape was formerly a resort of Moorish pirates. The high winds prevailing here gave rise to the say- ing among sailors: "At Cape de Gatte take care of your hat." CAPE GIRARDEAU, a S. E. county of Mis- souri; area, 875 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 17,558, of whom 1,646 were colored. It is separated from Illinois on the east by the Mississippi river, and is drained by the head streams of the Whitewater and by Apple creek. Good tim- ber is found, and the cypress especially grows in nearly all parts. The surface is level, and the fertile soil is carefully and extensively cul- tivated. The St. Louis and Iron Mountain rail- road passes through the S. W. part. The chief productions in 1870 were 260,445 bushels of wheat, 538,437 of Indian corn, 136,601 of oats, 3,292 tons of hay, 30,081 Ibs. of wool, and 55,- 045 of tobacco. There were 5,454 horses, 1,415 mules and asses, 3,862 milch cows, 5,204 other cattle, 15,297 sheep, and 27,784 swine. Capital, Jackson. CAPE GIRARDEAF, a city of Cape Girardeau co., Mo., on the Mississippi, 100 m. S. S. E. of St. Louis; pop. in 1870, 3,585, of whom 502 were colored. It is situated in a rich and well culti- vated country, and has a good landing. Two weekly newspapers are published. It is the seat of St. Vincent's college, a Roman Catholic institution. CAPE GUARDAFCI, or Ra.s Aser (anc. Aromata promontorium), the promontory forming the E. extremity of the mainland of Africa, and the N. E. termination of the territory of So- mali, and extending into the Arabian sea S. of the gulf of Aden, in lat. 11 50' N., Ion. 51 21' E. It is a continuation of the Sangali mountains, and of the mountain known to the