Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume III.djvu/750

 740 CAPE AGULHAS CAPE BOEO is cut in a spiral. Vulcanized caoutchouc, under the name of hard rubber and ebonite, has of late years been applied to a groat variety of uses. The best ebonite is made of pure caoutchouc and sulphur, subjected to a longer continued and higher degree of heat than the ordinary pliable article for springs, tubing, hose, &c. Optical and surgical instruments are com- posed in part and sometimes entirely of this substance, which is susceptible of taking a high degree of finish and is very strong and elastic. For the backs of brushes it has been found to be well adapted, when mixed with various mineral ingredients by which its plasticity is so affected that the brush may be made by one operation in a die, the material enclosing the tufts of bristles and holding them securely without any further fastening. It has also been applied to the making of watch cases, buttons, combs, ornamental articles of dress, and many other uses. The following table ex- hibits the condition of the manufactures of caoutchouc in the United States in the years 1860 and 1870: STATES. ESTABLISHMENTS. HANDS EMPLOYED. CAPITAL INVESTED. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1860. 1870. 1860. 1870. 1860. 1870. 1860. 1870. Connecticut 9 18 1 16 1 12 10 1 2 809 '298 'si7 161 8 118 1,946 9 1,405 807 1,008 846 $1,266,000 $2,845,000 4,000 1,920,000 2,000 1,034,000 1,777,000 800 403,000 $2,276,000 $4,239,829 31,500 8,188.218 4,500 2.224,889 8,076,720 1,400 1,804,868 M : LI 1 1 1 5 568,000 808,000 5 7 2 29 870,000 775,000 5,000 166,000 1,808,000 1,127,750 12,000 246,700 New York Total in United States. . 66 2,802 6,025 $7,485,800 $5,768,450 $14,506,874 Among the products of 1870 were 1,250,000 Ibs. of car springs, 906,000 Ibs. of belting and hose, 552,500 dozen braces, 5,402,666 pairs of boots, and 30,000 coats. There were con- sumed 8,413,320 Ibs. of caoutchouc, 2,934,575 yards of cloth, 2,391,451 Ibs. of cotton, and 2,900 Ibs. of silk ; the value of all the mate- rials was $7,434,742. The amount of caou- tchouc received at the port of New York from various countries in 1870 was about 8,500,000 Ibs., and in 1871 about 9,000,000 Ibs. In 1872 the imports were as follows : From Para. 6,182,751 Ibs. " Central America 6,694,619 " " Mexico 189,960 " " Cartagena 267,888 u " India 879,200 " Miscellaneous 197,881 " Total imports 11,860,929 " The imports of caoutchouc into Great Britain for the nine months ending Sept. 30, 1872, were 13,464,752 Ibs., valued at $6,813,300. CAPE AM UIAS. See AGULHAS. CAPE ANN, the S. E. point of the town of Rockport, Essex co., Mass., the N. limit of Mas- sachusetts bay, 4 m. N. E. of Gloucester, and 31 m. N". E. of Boston; lat. 42 38' N., Ion. 70 35' W. The whole of the rocky peninsula form- ing the town of Rockport and part of Glouces- ter is also called. Cape Ann, including the vil- lage of Squam in its N. W. part. This penin- sula is a headland of syenite, which forms low hills, over the surface of which the rock is very generally exposed to view. The lands are strewn with bowlders, many of great size ; and beds of pure white sand are intermixed with the ledges and bowlders. Valuable quarries of syenite for building purposes are worked conveniently for shipment. The place is much exposed to the prevalent N. E. storms ; but it offers a small, well sheltered harbor among the rocks, where coasting vessels often take refuge. There are on the shores of this harbor two fixed lights, 500 to 600 yards apart, 90 ft. above the water. CAPE BAB-EL-MANDEB (formerly called Jebel Manhali), a conical basaltic rock, 865 ft. high, on the N. side of the strait of the same name, between the shores of Arabia and Abyssinia. (See BAB-KL-MAUDKB.) CAPE BLANCO, a low rocky point on the W. coast of Africa, in lat. 20 47' N., Ion. 17 4' W., extending from the main shore in a S. W. direction for more than 30 m. into the Atlan- tic, and forming the western extremity of the Sahara. In bending to the south it partially encloses a large harbor called the Great Bay, one of the very few sheltered places of anchor- age to be found on this most dangerous part of the African coast. Cape Blanco forms the western end of the great sandstone ridge called the Jebel el-Abiad (White mountains), which extends eastward into the Sahara beyond the limits of exploration. The cape is almost com- pletely covered with shells of many kinds and sizes, the number and peculiar position of which have long furnished a perplexing question to naturalists. Sand hills formed by winds from the desert extend along the central ridge of the point, their forms constantly changing with new accumulations. Boats from the Canary islands visit the cape regularly for fishing. CAPE BLANCO, or Orford, a rocky headland forming the western extremity of Oregon, and extending into the Pacific in lat. 42 50' N., Ion. 124 32V W., about 25 m. N. of the mouth of Rogue river. It is the termination of the lofty ridge of the TJmpqua mountains. A short dis- tance S. of the cape is the harbor of Port Orford or Ewing. CAPE BOEO (anc. Lilylaum Promontorium), the westernmost point of Sicily, 1 m. from
 * 3,SB4,000