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 670 CAMPLI OAMD8 de Dmortio Henrici VIII. A volume contain- ing his orations, letters, and De Imitations Rhetorica was published after his death (Ingol- stadt, 1602). His life has been written by the Jesuit Paul Bombino (Mantua, 1620). CAMPLI, a town of Italy, in the province of Teramo, 80 m. N. E. of Rome ; pop. about 7,000. It contains a cathedral, an abbey, and three collegiate churches. CAMPOBASSO. I. A province (formerly Mo- lisc) of 8. Italy, bounded N. W. by Chieti, E. by Foggia, S. by Benevento, and S. W. by Caserta ; area, 1,777 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 363,- 943. It comprises the three districts of Campo- basso, Isernia, and Larino. It is throughout mountainous, the highest point, Monte Miletto, attaining a height of 6,740 ft. At the lower course of the Biferno is the small plain of Larino. The Biferno is the most important river. The province has several manufactories of steel and iron ware. The soil is in general not so fertile as in the other provinces of south- ern Italy ; among the principal products are grain, wine, and vegetables. II. The capital of the province, situated upon a mountain, 55 m. N. N. E. of Naples; pop. about 14,000. It has a cathedral, four churches, several con- vents, a lycernn, gymnasium, theatre, hospital, almshouse, and a ruined castle. It is the cen- tral mart for the grain trade of the province, and enjoys some reputation for its cutlery. CAJIPOBASSO, Kitolo, count of, a Neapolitan soldier of fortune of the latter part of the 15th century. He belonged to a noble family, but his estates were confiscated on account of his having joined the house of Anjou in its warfare against Naples. After their defeat he sold him- self to their enemy Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy, for whom he raised a considerable army of Italian and Dalmatian mercenaries. He subsequently betrayed Charles, going over to Rene II., duke of Upper Lorraine, and aiding in the defeat of the Burgundians before Nancy, Jan. 5, 1477; and he was suspected at the time, though unjustly, of having been accessory to Charles's death. Campobasso figures in Sir Walter Scott's " Anne of Geierstein." CAMPO FOBJIIO, Campoformlo, or Campo For- mldo, a village of N. Italy, province of TJdine, on the canal of Roja, 55 m. N. E. of Venice ; pop. about 1,600. A treaty of peace between France and Austria, terminating Gen. Bona- parte's campaigns in Italy, was concluded here Oct. 17, 1797. (See BONAPARTE, NAPOLEON, vol. iii., p. 39.) CAMPO SANTO. See CEMETERY. CAMPUS, in Roman antiquity, a common pub- lic park, or vacant space near the city for shows, combats, exercises, and similar uses. Ancient Rome possessed eight campi. The term is derived from the ancient Sicilian word for race course. The Campus Martius was the most celebrated of the campi of ancient Rome. It lay outside of the walls of Rome, and con- sisted of the level ground between the Quirinal, Capitoline, and Pincian mounts, and the river Tiber. It received the appellation Martius from its being consecrated to the god Mars. It was originally set apart for military exercises and contests. Here the comitia centuriata as- sembled in mass meeting, and subsequently the comitia tributa ; here stood the villa publica for the use of the Roman magistrates and the foreign ambassadors, who were not permitted to enter the city limits. It gradually became a suburban pleasure ground, and was laid out with gardens, shady walks, baths, a race course, and theatres. Julius Cwsar built there marble halls for the comitia, Agrippa erected the first public baths and the Pantheon, Augustus Cffisar the Egyptian obelisk and his own mausoleum, and Statilius Taurus the first amphitheatre of stone. Under the later emperors the place became crowded with public buildings, and subsequently with private residences. Among the former, the most celebrated were Domi- tian's temple of Minerva Chalcidia, and the pillar of Antoninus. Under Aurelian, the Cam- pus Martius was enclosed within the city boun- daries. Campo Marzo is the name given to one of the districts of modern Rome on the northern part of the old Campus Martius. The Campus Sceleratus, or polluted field, was a place beyond the walls of ancient Rome, where vestal virgins who had been untrue to their oaths of chastity were buried alive. CAJIIS, Armand Gaston, a French revolutionist, born in Paris, April 2, 1740, died Nov. 2, 1804. He studied law, and was chosen by the French clergy as their advocate general. In 1789 he was elected a member of the states general, and took an active part on the revolutionary side. When Mirabeau went over to the king he was vigorously opposed by Camus. After the flight of Louis XVI. to Varennes, Camus accused the king, Lafayette, Montmorin, and Bailly of conspiracy and treason, and insisted upon the suppression of all orders and corpora- tions based upon hereditary claims. As con- servator of the national archives Camus did good service in preserving the documents be- longing to the suppressed corporations. In 1792 he was elected to the national convention, where he proposed a bill impeaching the min- isters for treason and embezzlement, and urged the confiscation of the estates of the emigrants and of convents. In December of that year he was sent to Belgium as commissioner to watch the movements of Dumouriez and his colleagues, and so was not present at the trial of Louis XVI. ; but he forwarded his vote in favor of death, without delay or appeal. In March, 1793, he was one of the commissioners ap- pointed to arrest Dumouriez and his colleagues, but he and his four associates were seized by Dumouriez and handed over to the Austrians. After an imprisonment of 2^ years he was ex- changed for the duchess of Angouleme, daugh- ter of Louis XVI. Returning to France, he became a member of the council of 500, of which he was chosen president, Jan. 23, 1796. He resigned in May following, and thereafter