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 BRITTON BROADUS 301 great devotion to their French sovereign ; and when the revolution occurred, the Ohouans of the province fought the last battle in hehalf of royalty. Brittany has never been distinguished for commerce or manufactures, but its seamen are among the boldest in the world ; those of St. Malo, Brest, and Lorient are to be met in the most distant waters, more generally en- gaged in fishing than in trade. The province was usually divided into Western or Lower Brittany and Eastern or Upper Brittany. BRITTON, John, an English antiquary, born at Kington St. Michael, Wiltshire, July 7, 1771, died in London, Jan. 1, 1857. He was ap- prenticed to a London wine merchant, with whom he remained six years. For seven years afterward he struggled with poverty, eking out a bare existence by various employments. A book on the adventures of Pizarro, which he wrote, introduced him to the publisher of the " Sporting Magazine," who employed him with another person to compile the "Beauties of Wiltshire," which appeared in 1801, and suc- ceeded so well that the authors were employed to compile the "Beauties" of all the 'other counties of England, in 26 volumes. In 1805 he published the first part of the " Architectu- ral Antiquities of England ; " it was completed in 1815 in 5 vols. 4to, richly illustrated. His distinct productions, 87 in number, are valu- able, not only for the information they supply, but for their numerous and beautiful engra- vings. He published in 1847 an " Essay on the Authorship of the Letters of Junius," in which he endeavored to prove that Junius was Ool. Barre, aided by Lord Shelburne and Dunning. Then, at the age of 76, having accumulated a handsome fortune, he discontinued his labors as author. His friends, constituting the " Brit- ton Club," entertained him at a public dinner, and subscribed over 1,000 for a testimonial to be presented to him. On his own suggestion, the money was devoted to bringing out his autobiography. BRIVES, or Brives-la-GaiUarde, a town of Li- mousin, France, in the department of Corrdze, situated hi the valley of the Correze, 13 m. S. W. of Tulle ; pop. in 1866, 10,389. Its fine appear- ance at a distance is not realized in its interior. The most remarkable buildings are a communal college, a hospital, a library with 21,000 vol- umes, and an ancient Gothic house, dating, it is said, from the time of the English occupation. The manufactures embrace woollens, muslins, silk, handkerchiefs, and cotton yarns. There are extensive bleacheries and distilleries, and a brisk trade is carried on in brandy, wine, chest- nuts, cattle, and truffles, the Brives chicken truffle pie enjoying much reputation. Cardinal Dubois and Gen. Brune were born here. BRIXEN, a town of Tyrol, capital of a circle of the same name, 39 m. S. by E. of Innspruck, at the confluence of the rivers Eisack and Ri- enz, on the railroad leading through the Brenner pass ; pop. about 4,000. Its position is strate- gically very important, owing to the high and steep mountains on each side. The town is spoken of as early as the 9th century. It has a Catholic gymnasium, and has been the resi- dence of a bishop since 992. The Catholic council of 1080, which pronounced the removal of Pope Gregory VII., was held here. In the peasants' war in 1525 Brixen was occupied and sacked. In the vicinity of the town is Fort Francis, or Franzensveste, erected in 1845, commanding the valley of the Eisack, and the three roads from Bavaria, Italy, and Carinthia, which join at Brixen. ItKlXUAM, a seaport and market town of Devonshire, England, on the coast of the Eng- lish channel, 23 m. S. of Exeter; pop. in 1871, 4,390. It is noted for its fisheries, which employ more than 200 vessels and 1,500 sea- men. It was the landing place of William III. when he came to take possession of the Eng- lish throne. A part of the stone upon which he set foot has been built into a monument, with the inscription : " On this stone, and. near this spot, William prince of Orange first set foot, on his landing in England, 5th of No- vember, 1688." BROACH, or liariiach. I. A district and collec- torate of Bombay, British India, extending in a narrow strip along the W. coast of the main peninsula and the E. shore of the gulf of Cambay; area, about 1,350 sq. m. ; pop. esti- mated at 200,000. It contains, besides the capital, about 400 villages, the inhabitants of which are mostly engaged in agriculture, especially in the cultivation of cotton, large quantities of which are exported. The district was annexed to the territory of the East India company in 1781, but in 1782 the Mahrattas, who had formerly held it, were allowed to again assume the government. In 1803, with a considerable extent of other territory, it was finally ceded to the company. II. A city, capital of the district, in lat. 21 46' N., Ion. 73 14' E., on the Nerbudda river, about 25 m. from its mouth, and 29 m. 8. by W. of Ba- roda; pop. about 31,500. It has a few fine buildings, but in general the houses are low and unattractive in appearance. Much of the city is now in ruins, and the river filled with sand so that large vessels cannot approach the place. Broach is supposed to be the Barygaza of Ptolemy and Arrian. BROAD RIVER, a stream of North and South Carolina, rising at the foot of the Blue Ridge, in the western part of the former state, and entering South Carolina on the line between Spartanburg and York counties. It then takes a southerly course through a rich and highly productive tract of country, covered with fields of maize and cotton, and finally unites with the Saluda to form the Congaree river. The city of Columbia is at their junction. BROAUCS, John Albert, D. I )., an American clergyman, born in Culpeper co., Va., Jan. 24, 1827. He was educated at the university of Virginia, and from 1851 to 1853 was assistant professor of ancient languages there. He then