Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume II.djvu/204

 184 BABOON tufted. This animal is exceedingly ferocious, even when brought up from youth in captivity; in its native haunts it hunts greedily after Dog-faced Baboon (Cynocephalus hamadryas). scorpions, which it devours alive in great quan- tities, having first, with exceeding quickness, broken off the end of the tail containing the sting. 2. The dog-faced baboon (C. hamadryas, Linn.), an allied species, inhabits Africa and the borders of the Persian gulf of Arabia. The color is blackish gray, tinged with brown ; the hair on the fore parts is very long and shag- gy ; the face is flesh-colored ; the females and young have short muzzles, of a bluish color. It is equally fierce and dangerous with the pre- ceding, of which by some authors it is consid- ered a variety. 3. The Guinea baboon (C. papio, Desm.) inhabits the coast of Guinea. The color is brown above, paler beneath ; the cheeks are yellowish ; the face, ears, and hands adult, in this as in all the other species. This animal is of large size, and very fierce. 4. The little baboon (0. babuin, F. Cuvier) is supposed by its describer to be one of the quad- rumana adored by the Egyptians, and fre- quently seen among their hieroglyphics, and is probably the simia cynocephalm of Linnaeus. It inhabits northern Africa. The color of the male is a uniform yellowish green above, paler beneath; the face 'is livid; the nasal cartilage is not longer than the upper jaw ; the tail, though raised at its origin, is of consider- able length, reaching below the hams. 5. The ribbed-nose baboon (G. mormon, Desm., or C. maimon, Linn.) is a native of the Guinea .coast, and is not uncommon in menageries. This and the next species, forming the genus papio of Brisson, have the tail very short (almost a tubercle), very large ischiatic callosi- ties, a more elongated muzzle armed with for- midable teeth and a greater size than any other Little Baboon (Cynocephalua oabuiu). are black ; the nasal cartilage exceeds the jaws in length ; the upper eyelids are white. In the young the muzzle is shorter than in the Mandrill (Cynocephalus mormon). species, and the most fierce and disgusting characters of the baboon tribe. In C. mormon the colors of the adult are rich, and their effect is increased by the blue, red, and purplish tints of the face, nose, and naked parts of the skin ; in the young the fur is of a uniform tawny green, paler beneath, and yellowish on the cheeks ; in the adult male the color is olive- brown, mixed with gray above and white be- neath, with a yellow beard, and the furrowed muzzle of a livid blue, with a bright red nose and dull flesh-colored lips; in the young the furrows do not appear, and the tints of the naked parts, as in the females, are less vivid. The species is usually called the mandrill. It recedes much in form from the typical qnad- rumana, and approaches the carnivora in its structure, instincts, and appetites ; it has been known to tear to pieces and devour living prey with the ferocity of a tiger. 6. The drill (C. leucophoius, F. Cuv.), also a native of Africa, is