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 to be  called  truly  free? In the  same  way may every  inordinate  passion  be  more  or  less designated as  a  sort  of  madness,  which  degrades men  and  destroys  their  freedom They are  the  slaves  of  their  passions,

4. He  who  goes  into  the  water  for  the  first time in  order  to  learn  how  to  swim,  is  guided and held  fast  by  the  swimming  master  by means  of  a  rope,  in  order  that,  should  he begin  to  sink,  he  might  be  drawn  out  and rescued without  any  difficulty. But as  soon as the  pupil  has  become  somewhat  familiarized with  the  water,  and  has  had  some practise in  swimming,  so  that  he  knows  how to keep  himself  afloat,  then  he  is  left  free,  the restraining rope  is  withdrawn.

Consider the  training  of  a  child. In the beginning leading  strings  are  necessary; careful nurses  must  guide  the  child,  but  only in order  to  teach  it  how  to  walk  alone;  they have to  support  its  steps,  but  only  in  order to show  it  how  to  direct  them;  they  have  to point  out  the  goal  to  be  aimed  at,  but  only  to incite  it  to  hasten  toward  that  goal.

5. In  matters  that  pertain  to  morality,  the young man  who  has  been  properly  trained  is free  to  choose  between  good  and  evil;  but when he  has  been  accustomed  to  choose  the good, he  perseveres  in  it,  even  when  he  is  far removed from  parents  and  teachers. He knows that  freedom  does  not  do  away  with duty, that  it  does  not  confer  the  right  to  do. whatever he  chooses,  that  it  must  have  refer-